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anatomy 1 > lab 2 > Flashcards

lab 2 Flashcards

1
Q

smooth rounded process of forming joint

A

condyle

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2
Q

opening in the body that’s shaped like a crack or cleft, and is usually found between separate anatomical structures

A

fissure

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3
Q

depression

A

fossa

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4
Q

rounded opening

A

foramen

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5
Q

sticks out

A

process

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6
Q

longer passageway

A

canal

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7
Q

opening to a canal

A

meatus

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8
Q

body part that bulges out

A

protuberance

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9
Q

have a shaft & 2 enlarged ends

A

long bones

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10
Q

usually cube shaped

A

short bones

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11
Q

short bones that form within tendons

A

sesamoid bones

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12
Q

usually thin, curved + flattened

A

flat bones

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13
Q

complicated shapes that do not match the other categories

A

irregular bones

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14
Q

hardened minerals + collagen fibers

A

matrix

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15
Q

broken bone breaks through the skin

A

open compound

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16
Q

broken bone doesn’t break through the skin

A

closed (simple) fracture

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17
Q

shattered into smaller pieces

A

comminuted

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18
Q

crack, along one side of diaphysis

A

greenstick fracture

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19
Q

a break in a skull bone that pushes part of the bone closer to the brain

A

depressed fracture

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20
Q

carpals

A

short bone

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21
Q

humerus

A

long bone

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22
Q

vertebra

A

irregular bone

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23
Q

patella

A

sesamoid bone

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24
Q

sternum

A

flat bone

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25
Q

shaft of a long bone

A

diaphysis

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26
Q

bands of diving hyaline cartilage

A

epiphyseal plate

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27
Q

filled adipose tissue

A

marrow cavity

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28
Q

dense outer layer of bone

A

compact

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29
Q

covers ends of long bones

A

articular cartilage

30
Q

house red bone marrow

A

spongy

31
Q

end of long bone

A

epiphysis

32
Q

lines the medullary cavity

A

endosteum

33
Q

osteocytes are primarily housed within ______ in the compact bone

A

lacunae

34
Q

given that O2 + nutrients are unable to diffuse efficiently through the hardened mineralized extracellular matrix of compact bone, how do osteocytes survive

A

receive nutrients through channels

35
Q

house osteocytes (space btw rings of the bone & matrix)

A

lacunae

36
Q

canals (for nutrients to each bone cells)

A

canaliculi

37
Q

painful inflammation of air cells in mastoid process

A

mastoiditis

38
Q

how many facial bones in the skull

A

14

39
Q

dislocation of the TMJ is always ___ b/c the condylar process of the mandible slide forward oar the articular tubercle of the temporal bone & cannot return into the articular fossa

A

anterior

40
Q

surgical procedure in which the cartilage and/or bones of the nose are alerted – “nose job”

A

rhinoplasty

41
Q

tissue that connect the bones of the skull

A

sutures

42
Q

which skill bones contain paranasal sinus? what are the functions of these sinuses?

A

The paranasal sinuses are found in the frontal, maxilla, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones of the skull. Their functions include lightening the skull, warming and humidifying air, enhancing voice resonance, and trapping pathogens.

A sinus headache is painful due to inflammation and mucus buildup, which increases pressure in the sinuses and irritates nearby nerves, causing intense discomfort in areas like the forehead, eyes, and cheeks.

43
Q
  • frontal
  • sphenoid
  • maxillary
  • zygomatic
  • palatine
  • ethmoid
  • lacrimal
A

bones that make up the orbit

44
Q

rounded bony process that can be palpated behind the ear

A

mastoid process

45
Q

foramen magnum located in ?

A

occipital bone

46
Q

cranial suture separates the parietal bone

A

sagittal suture

47
Q

optic canal located in which bone the skull

A

sphenoid

48
Q

brevis

A

short

49
Q

straight (muscle)

A

rectus

50
Q

origins are at the sternum + clavicle, insertions is on the mastoid process

A

sternocleidomastoid

51
Q

moves the scalp posteriorly + inferior

A

occipitalis

52
Q

raises eyebrows

A

frontalis

53
Q

closes eye

A

orbicularis oculi

54
Q

purses + protrudes lips (kissing)

A

orbicilaris oris

55
Q

raise corner of the mouth (smiling) + upper lip exposing teeth (snarling)

A

zygomaticus major + minor

56
Q

draws corners of mouth laterally “sucking in” cheeks; assists in holding food btw teeth when chewing

A

buccinator

57
Q

tenses neck skin and depresses mandible; pouting muscle

A

platysma

58
Q

eye look up

A

superior rectus

59
Q

eye looks down

A

inferior rectus

60
Q

eye looks laterally

A

lateral rectus

61
Q

eye looks down and laterally

A

superior oblique

62
Q

eye looks up and laterally

A

inferior oblique

63
Q

elevates the mandible + closes the jaw

A

masseter + temporalis

64
Q

from internal surface of mandible to base of the tongue; protracts tongue; can depress tongue

A

genioglossus

65
Q

from styloid process of temporal bone to lateral tongue; retracts and elevates tongue

A

stylogglossus

66
Q

from hybrid bone to inferior tongue; depresses tongue

A

hypoglossus

67
Q

located de[[ tp sternocleidomastoid; each elevates 1st + 2nd ribs during inspiration; also flexes neck (bends neck anteriorly)

A

scalenes

68
Q

extend neck (bends neck posteriorly)

A

trapezius

69
Q

located Deep to trapezius; bilaterally extends neck (bends head and neck posteriorly); unilaterally rates and laterally flexes neck (turns and bends neck towards side of contraction)

A

splenius capitis

70
Q

shallow vertical groove on upper lip

A

philtrum

71
Q

unossified membranes – soft spots attaching bones of the fetal skull

A

fontanelle

72
Q
A

anatomy 1 (6 decks)

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