Lab 11: Evolution and Taxonomy

Question 1

Evolution:

Answer 1

change overtime in the genetic makeup of a population

Question 2

Microevolution:

Answer 2

change within a species overtime, small changes

Question 3

Macroevolution:

Answer 3

occurs above the species level, involves vast amounts of time

Question 4

Gradualistic:

Answer 4

slow process

Question 5

Punctuated equilibrium:

Answer 5

stable form of species (punctuated) followed by bursts of change and results in a new species

Question 6

Charles Darwin:

Answer 6

Father of evolution, proposed the theory of natural selection

Question 7

Adaptive radiation:

Answer 7

process which a species or group within a species develop into separate species across different lands

Question 8

Paleontology:

Answer 8

study of fossil remains

Question 9

3 factors that are involved in fossilization:

Answer 9

hard parts, escape from destruction, rapid burial

Question 10

Classification:

Answer 10

ordering of living organisms into different taxa based on contiguity, similarity or both

Question 11

Systematics:

Answer 11

study of organisms, diversity, and evolutionary relationships

Question 12

Cladistics:

Answer 12

organizing taxa based on primitive and derived characteristics

Question 13

Two themes which Linnaeus derived taxonomy from:

Answer 13

1. Binomial Nomenclature

2. Hierarchical Classification System

Question 14

Monophyletic groups:

Answer 14

all organisms descended from a common ancestor, involved in cladograms

Question 15

When two species of different ancestors develop analogous structures:

Answer 15

convergent evolution

Question 16

Ways to determine common ancestry:

Answer 16

1. Embryonic Development

2. Homologous structures

Question 17

4 criteria for natural selection to occur:

Answer 17

1. Gene variation
2. Traits are heritable
3. Environment provides selective pressure
4. Traits lead to advantage