Ch. 9: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Flashcards
What type of cells undergo mitosis?
Somatic
What type of cell division involves splitting a diploid cell into 4 haploid cells.
Meiosis
What step of meiosis does DNA condense into chromosomes?
Prophase I
What are the steps of meiosis:
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
What step involves DNA replication?
Interphase
What are the 3 ways that genetic variation occurs during meiosis?
Crossing over, random variation during metaphase, random fertilization
Which type of cell division involves the alignment of HOMOLOGOUS chromosomes?
Meiosis
(T/F) Mitosis divides both haploid and diploid cells
TRUE
What type of cell has one or more complete sets of extra chromosomes?
Polyploid cell
What is non disjunction occurance in cells?
During anaphase, chromosomes don’t divide
What is a diploid cell and how is it represented?
2n, cell with two complete sets of chromosomes
What stage does crossing over happen in?
Prophase I
What is the result of nondisjunction?
Extra X or Y
When does mitosis occur?
During growth or development
When does meiosis occur?
Creation of gametes
How many chromosomes are in haploid cells?
23
When do sister chromatid separate?
anaphase II
How does independant assortment work?
Chromosome pairs randomly allign during metaphase I, resulting in haploid cells with different variations of chromosomes
Identical vs. Fraternal Twins?
Identical: 1 egg
Fraternal: 2 eggs
What is aneuploidy?
Extra or missing chromsomes
- Turner Syndrom 1 X
- Kleinfelter: XXY
What is polyploidy?
Extra complete set of chromsomes.
