Lab 1

Question 1

Contagious (communicable)

Answer 1

diseases are transmitted person to person

Question 2

How are diseases transmitted?

Answer 2

through droplets in the air, through direct contact with respiratory secretions or other body fluids, through contact with contaminated inanimate objects (formites) such as surfaces, bedding, towels, drinking vessels, or needles. Some diseases are transmitted by insect and arthropod vectors.

Question 3

Mechanical transmission

Answer 3

occurs when an insect carries fecal pathogens on its feet and then walks on food.

Question 4

Biological transmission

Answer 4

occurs through the bite of an infected mosquito, tick, or flea.

Question 5

Epidemiology

Answer 5

is the study of patterns of disease infection and spread.

Question 6

Endemic

Answer 6

diseases are present in a population all the time at low levels.

Question 7

Epidemic

Answer 7

diseases affect many individuals in a population in a short time.

Question 8

Worldwide epidemic is called

Answer 8

pandemics.

Question 9

Zoonoses

Answer 9

are diseases of animals that can spread to humans.

Question 10

Reservoirs

Answer 10

are humans or animals that are sources of infection.

Question 11

Human reservoirs that are infected without having symptoms are called disease

Answer 11

carriers.

Question 12

An index case means

Answer 12

original source case.

Question 13

What is a vector?

Answer 13

organism

Question 14

What are formites?

Answer 14

inanimate objects

Question 15

What is a nutrient agar plate? (NA)

Answer 15

It is general purpose.

It’s popular because it can grow a variety of types of bacteria and fungi and contains nutrients needed for bacterial growth.