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Anatomy & Physiology 168 > Lab 1/2 > Flashcards

Lab 1/2 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Standing erect, face forward, palms facing upwards and to the sides, feet

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2
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Divides the body into left and right halves

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3
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

Equally divides the body into left and right halves

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4
Q

Parasagittal Plane

A

Divides the body into unequal left and right halves

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5
Q

Coronal/Frontal Plane

A

Divides the body into posterior and anterior portions

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6
Q

Transverse/Horizontal

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions

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7
Q

Dorsal Cavity

A

Consists of the spinal (vertebral) and cranial cavity

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8
Q

Ventral Cavity

A

Consists of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity

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9
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Part of the ventral cavity. Contains the lungs, heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus, blood vessels, lymph nodes, nerves

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10
Q

Mediastinum

A

Divides the thoracic cavity

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11
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

Part of the ventral cavity, consists of the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity

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12
Q

Diaphragm

A

Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity

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13
Q

What are the 4 quadrants?

A

Upper right quadrant, upper left quadrant, lower right quadrant, lower left quadrant

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14
Q

What are the 9 regions?

A

Right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right iliac region, hypogastric region, left iliac region

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15
Q

Serous Membrane

A

Line the trunk cavities and cover the organs

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16
Q

Parietal Membranes

A

Found against the outer wall of a body cavity

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17
Q

Visceral Membranes

A

Cover organs in a body cavity

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18
Q

Cavity

A

The space between the parietal and visceral membrane

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19
Q

Serous Fluid/Mucous

A

Thin, lubricating film produced by the membranes. Tears, saliva, etc

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20
Q

Cephalic/Superior

A

Towards the head

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21
Q

Caudal/Inferior

A

Towards the feet

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22
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the point of attachment

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23
Q

Distal

A

Further away from the point of attachment

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24
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Front of body

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25
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Back of body

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26
Q

Superficial

A

Towards the surface

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27
Q

Deep

A

Internal

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28
Q

Medial

A

Towards the middle of the body

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29
Q

Lateral

A

Towards the sides of the body

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30
Q

Acromial

A

Point of shoulder

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31
Q

Brachial

A

Arm

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32
Q

Antebrachial

A

Forearm

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33
Q

Cubital

A

Elbow

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34
Q

Antecubital

A

Front of elbow

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35
Q

Buccal

A

Cheek

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36
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

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37
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

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38
Q

Carpal

A

Wrist

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39
Q

Metacarpal

A

Between carpals and phalanges

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40
Q

Coxal

A

Hip

41
Q

Crural

A

Leg

42
Q

Sural

A

Back of leg

43
Q

Popliteal

A

Back of knee

44
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

45
Q

Mental

A

Chin

46
Q

Orbital

A

Eye

47
Q

Frontal

A

Forehead

48
Q

Pedal

A

Foot

49
Q

Nasal

A

Nose

50
Q

Plantar

A

Bottom of foot

51
Q

Calcaneal

A

Heel

52
Q

Patellar

A

Kneecap

53
Q

Tarsal

A

Ankle

54
Q

Metatarsal

A

Between tarsals and and digits

55
Q

Umbilical

A

Belly button

56
Q

Levels of Organization

A

Chemical level (atoms combine to form molecules), cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organ system, organism

57
Q

Organs Systems

A

Integumentary, Lymphatic, Nervous, Endocrine, Muscular , Skeletal, Cardiovascular, M and F Reproductive, Digestive, Immune, Respiratory, Urinary

58
Q

Negative Feedback

A

Any deviation from the set point is made smaller or resisted

59
Q

Positive Feedback

A

Response to an original stimulus results in the dilation from the set point becoming even greater

60
Q

Solute

A

What is being dissolved

61
Q

Solvent

A

What does the dissolving

62
Q

Hypotonic

A

Concentration of cell is higher than outside, resulting in swelling and lysis

63
Q

Hypertonic

A

Concentration of cell is lower than outside, resulting in crenation

64
Q

Isotonic

A

Net movement between cell and outside is equal

65
Q

Saline

A

0.9% in humans

66
Q

Brownian Motion

A

The random motion of particles suspended in a fluid resulting from their collision with the fast-moving molecules in the fluid

67
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of molecules or atoms from higher to lower concentration

68
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water

69
Q

Dialysis

A

The separation of particles in a liquid on the basis of differences in their ability to pass through a membrane (size)

70
Q

Osmolarity

A

The concentration of a solution expressed as the total number of solute particles per liter

71
Q

Osmotic Pressure

A

Hydrostatic pressure on the cell due to osmosis

72
Q

Active Transport

A

Requires ATP

73
Q

Passive Transport

A

Does not use ATP. Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion

74
Q

Selectively Permeable

A

Only allowing specific things in/out

75
Q

Endocytosis

A

Internalization of substances by formation of a vesicle. Phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor mediated

76
Q

Exocytosis

A

Secretions expelled from cell

77
Q

Ligand

A

Any chemical signal molecule used by cells to communicate with each other

78
Q

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

A

Type of transport protein (channel protein) that opens in response to small molecules that bind to proteins and glycoproteins

79
Q

Wet Mount

A

The specimen is placed in a drop of water or other liquid held between the slide and the cover slip by surface tension

80
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Phospholipid bilayer

81
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Cytosol (includes cytoskeleton) and organelles

82
Q

Nucleus

A

Membrane bound organelle which contains most of the cell’s DNA

83
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

Within the nucleus

84
Q

Parts of the nucleus

A

Nucleolus, nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, nucleoplasm

85
Q

Chromatin

A

DNA complexed with proteins (histones) that are dispersed throughout the nucleus as delicate filaments

86
Q

Cytoplasmic Granules

A

Condensed areas of cellular material that may be bounded by a membrane.

87
Q

Organelles

A

Specialized structures within a cell that perform specific tasks

88
Q

Parts of a compound light microscope

A

Base, substage light, stage, mechanical stage clip, mechanical stage adjustment, condenser, iris diaphragm

89
Q

Adjustment Knobs

A

Coarse focus and fine focus knobs, ocular nobs, revolving nosepiece and body tube

90
Q

Scanning Power Objectives

A

4X

91
Q

Low Power Objectives

A

10X

92
Q

High Power Objectives

A

40X

93
Q

Oil Immersion Objectives

A

100X

94
Q

Total Magnification

A

Objective magnification x Ocular Lens (10X)

95
Q

Parfocal Lens

A

Lens that stays in focus when magnification/focal length is changed

96
Q

Field of View

A

Circle that is visible when looking through a microscope. Decreases as the magnification increases

97
Q

Depth Perception

A

The ability to perceive the relative distance of objects in one’s visual field

98
Q

Inversion

A

Upside down and backwards

99
Q

Lens Paper

A

Used to clean the lens. Located in the drawer between shoulder lab partner

Anatomy & Physiology 168 (10 decks)

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