L9 The Practices of Psychology Flashcards
Eric referred to Hugo Munsterberg as the Dr Phil of his generation, name three reasons why
Consultant to the White House, movie stars, and politicians
Wrote “American Traits” and other books about education and childrearing to help American society
Pretty much started Forensic psychology (On the Witness Stand, 1908) and one of the first pioneers of Applied psychology - especially Industrial/ Organisation psychology, as he helped businesses with management issues, hiring and improving efficiency
Lillian Moller Gilberth, a movie was made after her and her large family, name four things she is known for.
Credited with being the first industrial/ organisational psychologist
Worked with husband in the fields ‘motion study’ and ‘human factors,’ filmed workers and sought to make everything more efficient
Johnson and Johnson: market research about female product
Developed the modern kitchen and IBM desks, and helped Gov during Great Depression with training of women
Legacy of the Mental Hygiene Movement
Wanted to prevent mental illness from occurring; wanted to start with children by trying to reduce stress, make children more happy and promote resilience. Guidance counsellors came out of this.
Beginnings of Clinical psychology and Counselling psychology in 1920s and 1930s for children, but then this extended to adults.
Name three contributions of David Shakow
Developed the graduate program known as the scientist-practioner model, this was adopted by the APA in 1949
His extensive research into schizophrenia helped to humanise these patients who were largely seen as dangerous and untreatable.
He was involved in developing the incentivised graduate psychology programs that were used post WW2.
two main contribution of James Miller
Founded and directed the Mental Health Research Institute - helped to incorporate psychotherapy into clinical psychology
Founded living systems theory: general theory about the existence of all living things, their structure, interaction, behaviour, and development
What were the two main features of Carl Rogers’ person-cantered therapy?
Unconditional positive regard for the client
Empathic understanding
Name Thomas Szsaz’s book that rejected the disease model of mental illness
“The Myth of Mental Illness”
Joseph Wolpe’s conditioning experiments led to the development of what successful therapy treatment?
Reciprocal Inhibition, which used assertiveness training to decrease anxiety, this led to the development of Systematic Desensitisation, which revolutionised behavioural therapy.
Name two main contributions of Albert Bandura in the area of learning that challenged Skinner’s radical behaviourism
Social learning theory and social cognitive theory
Why was Hugo Munsterberg a controversial figure?
Didn’t have a great reputation in the press.
outspoken views about the First World War raised storms of controversy about his ideals and position. He appeared as probably the most eminent supporter of German policies in America
Published a lot of psychophysics which Wundt didn’t like.
Talked about how psychology research can make society better; big fan of applied research
Never had a problem with controversy; involved in fight against Prohibition but received money from beer companies; said an innocent man was guilty to the press; bit of a misogynist
What is an influencing factor that caused an expansion of clinical and counselling psychology?
WWII
People were paid to become clinical psychologists.
What was a major difference between Wundt and Munsterberg
Opposing views on how psychology should be practiced.
For Wundt psychology should be a pure science detached from practical concerns, while Münsterberg wanted to apply psychological principles that could be applied to practical concerns.
