L9 Teaching and Learning

Question 1

precursors to learning

Answer 1

motivation and attention

Question 2

motivation to learn: 3 signs patient has it

Answer 2

3 signs: persistence, choice, and effort

Question 3

extrinsic behavior

Answer 3

succeed because outside rewards

Question 4

intrinsic behavior

Answer 4

succeed because inside rewards like pleasure of learning

Question 5

attribution theory

Answer 5

what pt attributes their success to
internal or external cause

Question 6

mastery goal

Answer 6

desire to master to personal height of achievement
adaptive outcome where you use cognitive strategies

Question 7

performance goal

Answer 7

desire to out perform others, comparison

Question 8

behavioral theory of learning

Answer 8

positive/negative reinforcement
environmental conditions create reinforcements
sees the learner as a blank slate
something that increases the desired behavior is a reinforcer

Question 9

cognitive learning theory

Answer 9

acquiring cognitive operations and schemata for successful performance
knowledge as an active acquisition rather than passive

Question 10

constructivism learning

Answer 10

reflecting on our experiences helps us construct our understanding of the world, our systems adjust to accomodate new experiences

Question 11

developmental theory of learning

Answer 11

passing through a series of stages leading to the other
learner must be in the stage ready to achieve competence of that skill

Question 12

global learner

Answer 12

learn in large jumps
absorb material randomly without understanding connections then it all clicks and connects together

Question 12

sequential learner

Answer 12

understand material in a linear order of steps logically building on each other
details before big picture
learning at regular pace in a sequenced way

Question 13

reflective learner

Answer 13

prefers to think and reflect on their own
think about it first

Question 14

active learner

Answer 14

needs active component, learns best by doing

Question 15

expository instruction

Answer 15

verify predetermined results
students follow very specific instructions

Question 16

inquiry instructions

Answer 16

students construct knowledge by formulating their own problem from given information

Question 17

discovery instruction

Answer 17

guided inquiry
teacher creates setting for outcomes and guides students towards them

Question 18

problem based learning

Answer 18

create context for students to generate their own questions
context influenced by instructor input

Question 19

role of the teacher in experiential learning

Answer 19

Expert
facilitator
ego ideal
person

Question 20

maturationist theory

Answer 20

biological development occurring automatically in predictable stages

Question 21

environmentalist theory

Answer 21

child’s environment influences their learning and behavior, lxing as a reaction to environment

Question 22

constructivist theory

Answer 22

learning occurs when the child interacts with their environment and people around them
child as an active participant, initiating activities for lxing

Question 23

Adult learning characteristics

Answer 23

autonomous
self directed
goal oriented
practical
relevancy oriented
need to be shown respect

Question 24

motivation for adult learners

Answer 24

social relationships
ext expectations
social welfare
personal advancement
escape
cognitive interest

Question 25

older adult learner characteristics

Answer 25

encoding and retrieval problems/mx problems
slower pacing
verbal and visual associations improve learning
tap into relevant knowledge

Question 26

strategies to influence learning of the elderly

Answer 26

positive reinforcement
appropriate rate
meaningful tasks
memory strategies
more repetition and practice
highly organized presentation

Question 27

bloom’s three domains

Answer 27

cognitive- recall/recognition
affective - interest/attitude, internalization
psychomotor

Question 28

Gagne’s categories of learning outcomes

Answer 28

intellectual skills
cognitive strategies
verbal information
motor skills
attitudes

Question 29

ryle’s two types of knowledge

Answer 29

knowing that or knwoing how
facts vs skill performance

Question 30

motor learning

Answer 30

complex set of internal processes, lead to more permanent retention of a task that is practiced

Question 31

types of motor tasks

Answer 31

discrete - beginning and end
serial - series of discrete movements
continuous - repeated, uninterrupted movements

Question 32

cognitive learning

Answer 32

don’t know how to do the skill, thinking hard about it

Question 33

associative learning

Answer 33

kind of know how to do skill, less frequent errors

Question 34

autonomous learning

Answer 34

skill is easy and learner doesn’t need to think about it

Question 35

Considerations for practice

Answer 35

amount
type - part/segmented task, whole/entire task, blocked/exact same condition practice

Question 36

random practice

Answer 36

variation of task in unpredictable order

Question 37

random block practice

Answer 37

variations of the task in a random order done more than one time