L8 - Anti-inflammatory & Immunosuppressant drugs II Flashcards
What is rheumatoid artheritis?
A condition that causes severe swelling around the joints causing joint pain
What is a known risk factor for rheumatiod arthrits?
Smoking
What does the relase of T-cells lead to the activation of in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?
Macrophages
What mediators do the macrophages release driving a swelling response?
IL1 and TFLa
What is the function of methotrexate?
- It works as an antagonist to folic acid acid decreasing it.
- Causes immunosuppressant activity, lowering sweling around the joints.
What are DMARDs, give an example.
Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, ege sulfasalazine, used for chronic inflammatory diseases.
What phase of the inflammatory response do immunosuppressant drugs inhibt?
The induction phase.
What inhibits the transcription of proinflammatory cytokines eg IL2?
cyclosporin and glucortisoids
What does cyclosporin bind to an inhibit?
Calcinorin (phosphatase)
What transcription factor does cyclosporin inhibit?
NFKB that causes the producton and secretion of cytokines.
Why are antibodies humanised?
So they aren’t rejected by the human body.
What are examples of an inflammatory respiratory disease and what are some symptoms?
COPD
symptoms - breathlessness, emphysema, eventulay respiratory failure.
Asthma
symptoms - shortness of breath, inflammation of the airways, bronchial hyeractivity
What is a treatment of asthma?
Salbutamol - agonist for beta adrenal receptors found on smooth muscles in the airway.
What are examples of respiratory allergies and what are some symptoms?
Allergic Rhinitis, eg hayfever
- nasal conjestion, sneezing, allergic conjunctivitis
Allergic asthma
- reversible airway obstruction, inflammation
What are mast cells?
Key mediators of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions
