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viruses & parasites > L78 > Flashcards

L78 Flashcards

1
Q

What is exanthem?

A

Rash on skin

Vs. enanthem = rash on mucous membrane

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2
Q

Big 5 childhood diseases that cause rash

A 
Measles 
Strep pyogenes 
Rubella
Parvo - erythema infectiosum
Roseola (HHV 6)
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3
Q

Symptoms of measles

A 
3 Cs + K
Conjunctivitis 
Cough
Coryza = running nose
Koplic spots = enanthem rash in the mouth w/ grey middle
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4
Q

Describe the measles rash: appearance, timing

A 
= Rubeola 
Develops after Koplic spots
Starts on face
Progresses centrally
Moves to periphery & toes
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5
Q

Geographic tip offs for measles

A

California

Switzerland

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6
Q

Measles incubation

A

1 up to 2 wks
Day 10 - fever
Day 14 - rash
Infectious before symptoms start during this incubation period

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7
Q

Measles transmission

A

Air-born

Kids in school

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8
Q

Diagnose measles

A
  1. Clinical

2. Serum testing - IgM/G - watch out for false +/-

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9
Q

What tissue does measles infect?

A

Respiratory epithelium –> LN

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10
Q

Which immune system is important for measles resolution?

A

Cellular

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11
Q

Measles genome

A

(-) ssRNA
Enveloped
Labile

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12
Q

What cell types does measles infect during primary viremia?

A

T cells! Same time once penetrated resp epi
Causes temp immune suppression that is definitely noticeable
- Pna

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13
Q

What CNS disease might result from measles? When might this present?

A

Encephalitis

Acute or sub-acute years later!

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14
Q

What nutrition deficiency would make measles worse?

A

Vit A def

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15
Q

When do you give the measles vaccine?

A

9mo-1 year

Live, attenuated vaccine - therefore babies who have mom’s Abs might not have right response

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16
Q

Mumps symptoms

A

Swollen neck!!
Parotid gland
1 sided - may spread bilateral

17
Q

Mumps genome

A 
(-) ss RNA
Capsid w/ 
- Hemagglutinin (H)
- Neuraminidase (N)
- Fusion protein (F)
Lipid bilayer from host cells
18
Q

Mumps pathogenesis - where does infection start and move

A

Start @ URT epi
to LN
Viremia -> glandular tissue (scrotum)

19
Q

Which branch of immunity controls mumps infection?

A

Cellular

20
Q

Mumps transmission

A

Resp drops
Saliva
Fomites

21
Q

Mumps incubation

A

2-3 wks

Longer than measles

22
Q

When is mumps contagious?

A

2 days before jaw swelling –> 5 days after

23
Q

Which CNS disease is associated with mumps?

A

Aseptic meningitis

24
Q

Mumps complications

A

Encephalitis
Deafness
Infertility

25
Q

Mumps vaccine. Who don’t you give this to?

A

Live, attenuated
As MMR/V
DONT give to PREGNANT

26
Q

Rubella symptoms

A

Head –> toes : disappears as it progresses
- Correlates w/ appearance of Abs
Cervical swollen LN
Arthritis - esp adults

27
Q

Rubella genome

A

+ ssRNA

28
Q

Rubella pathogenesis

A

URT epi
LNs
Viremia

29
Q

What is the role of Abs vs cell immunity for rubella?

A

Ab: limit spread
Cell: elim infection

30
Q

Rubella incubation & infectious period

A

2-3 wk incubation

Infectious: prodome –> 2 wks post rash

31
Q

What is congenital rubella syndrome?

A 
In BABIES :(
Cataracts
Heart disease
Deafness
"Blue berry muffin rash"
32
Q

Why do we vaccinate vs rubella?

A

To cover women who might become pregnant to prevent congenital rubella syndrome

33
Q

Parvovirus symptoms - correlation to infectiousness

A
  1. Fever due to viremia = infectious

2. Slap check rash = erythema infectiousum

34
Q

Parvovirus genome

A

ss DNA

35
Q

What cells does parvo replicate in?

A

Erythroid precursors

Fetal capillary endothelium in placenta

36
Q

Parvo patho

A

Replicates @ RT

Viremia –> bone marrow

37
Q

Secondary diseases that might result from parvo

A

Arthritis
Anemia - duh, infecting blood precursors!
Non-immune fetal hydrops !!
Myocarditis

viruses & parasites (21 decks)

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