L6 Lung Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

致癌物質有邊啲?

A

常見的致癌物質包括:石棉、鉻、鈷、鎳及焦油等。

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2
Q

肺癌有咩風險?

A

風險因子包括:抽煙、二手煙、環境污染、長期接觸致癌物質、職業、遺傳、反覆性肺部感染、慢性阻塞性肺病。

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3
Q

小細胞肺癌轉頭速度如何?

A

小細胞肺癌的癌細胞生長速度快,轉移速度也很快,易轉移至肝臟、腎臟、骨髓及腦部等位置。

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4
Q

鱗狀上皮細胞癌會阻住邊度?

A

鱗狀上皮細胞癌經常出現在較大的支氣管,可能阻塞呼吸道。

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5
Q

大細胞肺癌會由因轉移?

A

大細胞肺癌可能導致肺實質出現空洞,並且轉移至淋巴結及其他部位,通常通過血液循環轉移。

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6
Q

肺癌的病狀有什麼?

A

病狀包括:慢性咳嗽、咳血絲痰或咳血、呼吸困難、體重下降、疲乏等。

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7
Q

胸內轉移會轉移去邊度?

A

胸內轉移可能侵害心臟或大血管,導致心包膜積水、心律不正等問題。

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8
Q

胸外轉移去邊度?

A

胸外轉移可能涉及淋巴轉移(肺門、縱膈腔)及血液轉移(肝臟、骨髓、腦等)。

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9
Q

皮肺穿刺檢查可能導致咩?

A

皮肺穿刺檢查有可能導致氣胸。

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10
Q

只放射治療效果好嗎?

A

單獨以放射治療治療腺癌的效果欠佳,通常需要與其他治療方法結合。

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11
Q

EP是咩藥簡寫?

A

EP是Etoposide, Cisplatin的簡寫,通常用於治療小細胞肺癌。

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12
Q

CAV係咩藥?

A

CAV是Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, Vincristine的簡寫,靜脈注射使用。

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13
Q

Methotrexate係咩黎?

A

Methotrexate是一種用於治療非小細胞肺癌的化療藥物。

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14
Q

標靶治療有邊款?

A

標靶治療包括針對表皮生長因子接受器(EGFR)的藥物,如Erlotinib和Gefitinib。

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15
Q

免疫治療有咩副作用?

A

免疫治療的副作用可能包括:注射部位出現皮膚反應、疲勞、發燒、寒顫等,並可能出現與免疫系統有關的副作用。

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16
Q

呼吸道清除功能失效有咩護理措施?

A

護理措施包括觀察病人的呼吸狀況,升高床頭≥三十度,教導橫膈式呼吸及有效咳嗽,必要時進行抽吸。