L5 - mineral cort and androgens

Question 1

what are mineral cort

Answer 1

teroid hormones that regulate salt and water balances

Question 2

the main mineralcorticois

Answer 2

aldosterone

Question 3

synthesis of aldosterone

Answer 3

progesterone>
11-deooxycorticosterone > corticosterone>
18 hydroxycorticosterone> aldosterone

Question 4

how is aldosterone or minercal cort transported in the blood

Answer 4

• free in plasma
• can bind to albumin or trasncortin
• doesnt have specific binding protein

Question 5

how to regulate Aldosterone secretion

Answer 5

• only high levels of ACTh increase it
• increase in plsma potassium to increase
• decrease plasma Na to increase
• renin - angiotensin system

Question 6

mechanism for using aldosterone to restore ECF AND BP

Answer 6

ECF falls

• BP falls
• cells in kidney detect the drop in press ure
• Juxtaglomerular cells release renin
• cause angiotensin to convert to angiotensin I
• then again converted to angiotensin II then bind to receptor in the kidney cortex
• the angiotensin II increases aldosterone secretion
• increases Na + and increases BP

Question 7

receptors that interact with aldosterone

Answer 7

• glucort receptor but has affinity of cortisol> aldosterone
• mineral cort receptor and has same affinity for cortisol and aldosterone but prefers cortisol over aldosterone

Question 8

symptoms associated with mineralcort excess

Answer 8

• severe HP (BP too high)
• has low levels of K cos aldosterone decrease K levels and increase Na level
• low renin, low aldosterone

Question 9

effects of mineralcort

Answer 9

• increase Na reabsorption on DCT, collecting duct, sweat glands
• decrease K reabsorption
• increases H loss - leads to metabl alkosis
• increases water reabsorption

Question 10

whats the primary and secondary conditon assoicated with hyperaldosterism

Answer 10

primary - autonomous production of aldosterone

secondary - increase aldosterone levels due to high renin levels

Question 11

disease associated with primary hyperaldosterism

Answer 11

conn syndrome

Question 12

causes for primary hyperaldosterism

Answer 12

hyperplasia

• adrenal adenoma in the zona glomerulsosa
• renin not affected here so normal or lowe level

Question 13

symptoms for primary hyperaldosterism

Answer 13

hypertension
-alkalosis
hypokalaemia

Question 14

treat ment for primary hyperaldosterism

Answer 14

surgery

Question 15

cause for secondary hyperaldosterism

Answer 15

renal artery probelm

• duiertic therapy
• renin levels high so increase aldosterone levels

Question 16

disease associated with secondary hyperaldosterism

Answer 16

addisons disease

Question 17

where are adrenal androgen synthesised

Answer 17

in small amounts in zona reticularis like DHEA and androstenedione

Question 18

what is CAH

Answer 18

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

- where the adrenal glands is enlarged during childhood or development

Question 19

symptoms of CAH

Answer 19

dehyration, salt loss, weakness

Question 20

treatment for CAH

Answer 20

corticosteroids replacement

Question 21

cause for CAH

Answer 21

mutation of 21 hydrolase in the enzyme
- decreases glucort and mineralcort production
-decreases neg feedback >
increase ACTH >
makes the adrenal glands to release DHEA then release androgens > adrenal hyperplasia