L3 PG

Question 1

role of PG

Answer 1

send out signals and hormones to another glands to release their hormones

Question 2

how many parts does PG have

Answer 2

2- ANTEROIR AND POSTEROIR

Question 3

how are hypothal and PG connected

Answer 3

by pituitary stalk

Question 4

role of hypothal

Answer 4

homeostasis, controls ANS and endo functions

Question 5

what nuclei of hypothal have to regulate hormone production

Answer 5

PVN and SO

Question 6

what factors does hypithal respond to

Answer 6

environmental, neural and hormones

Question 7

kinds of hypothal hormones

Answer 7

TRH, GnRK, GHRH, somatostatin, CRH, dopamine

Question 8

role of hypothal hormones

Answer 8

influences PG to release their own hormones

- have no effect on physio process

Question 9

structure of hypothal hormones

Answer 9

small peptides with short half life

Question 10

what kind of release for hypothal hormones

Answer 10

pulsatile

Question 11

how can hypothal hormones be used in clinical setting

Answer 11

to check pituitary function

Question 12

how APG hormones synthesised

Answer 12

in APG

Question 13

how APG regulated

Answer 13

by secreted hypothal factors or hormones through the blood into the APG

Question 14

how PPG hormones syntheisised

Answer 14

in hypothalamus and transported via neuronal projections in the pituitary stalk into PPG

Question 15

cell types of APG

Answer 15

corticotrophs, lactrotophs, thyrotrophs, gonadotrophs, somatotroph

Question 16

what hormone associated with corticotrophs,

Answer 16

ACTH- regulation of adrenal cortex

Question 17

what hormone associated with lactrotophs,

Answer 17

prolactin - milk production

Question 18

what hormone associated with thyrotrophs

Answer 18

TSH for thryiod hormone production

Question 19

what hormone associated with gonadotrophs,

Answer 19

LH/FSH - reproductive control

Question 20

what hormone associated with somoatotrpohs

Answer 20

growth hormone - growth

Question 21

PPG hormones

Answer 21

ADH, neurophysin, oxytocin

Question 22

what do TSH, FSH, LH have in common

Answer 22

they are glycoproteins ( 2 chains), has 2 subunits

Question 23

what do ACTH., GH and PRL have in common

Answer 23

they have single chain protein structure

Question 24

pathway of hypothal-PG-thyroid

Answer 24

TRH( in hypothal)>TSH (APG)>thyroid>T4>T3

Question 25

what molecules of thyroid hormone can do negative feedback

Answer 25

T3 and T4

Question 26

what problem relating to thyroid if there’s a pituitary failure

Answer 26

secondary hypothyroidism (not enough)

Question 27

what problem relating to thyroid if there’s a pituitary tumour

Answer 27

secondary hyperthyroidism (excess)

Question 28

effects of LH and FSH

Answer 28

regulate testosterone syntheisis

- regulate menstrual cycle and fertility in ovary

Question 29

what type of receptors do LH and FSH bind to

Answer 29

act on G proteins, results in cAMP and protein kinase A

Question 30

what hormome is ACTH syntheisised from

Answer 30

POMO

Question 31

pathway of hypo-PG-adrenal axis

Answer 31

CRH from hypo> ACTH from APG>adrenal cortex> cortisol

Question 32

effects of ACTH

Answer 32

stimulates G protein receptor coupled to cAMP

- cholesteral converted to cortisol or sex hormones

Question 33

what hypothal hormone have a neg influence on prolactin prolactin

Answer 33

dopamine, somatostatin

- the less influence they have on PRL, more PRL are made

Question 34

what hypothal hormone have a pos influence on prolactin prolactin

Answer 34

TRH and VIP

Question 35

effects of PRL

Answer 35

• regl of lymphocytes
• stimulate breats development
• maintain lactation

Question 36

what are prolactinomas

Answer 36

tumour related with PRL

- interfere with HPG so results in infertility

Question 37

treatment for prolactinomas

Answer 37

dopamine agonists to decrease PRL production