L10- blood glucose contro

Question 1

biomolecule where the nergy come from

Answer 1

carbs, lipids and protein

Question 2

how is energy stored

Answer 2

glyogen and trig

Question 3

where is glycogen stored in

Answer 3

cytoplasic granules

Question 4

organs involved in glucose metab

Answer 4

liver, pancreas,muscle and adipose tissue

Question 5

what biomolecule is the primary energy source

Answer 5

carbs

- brains only source of fuel

Question 6

symtpoms of hpyerglycaemia

Answer 6

thrist, weight loss, faitgue

Question 7

dieases due to hyperglycasem

Answer 7

neuro and nephropathies
-heart disease
diabetes
death

Question 8

symtptoms of hypoglycae

Answer 8

cravings, headaches, dizzines

Question 9

disease due to hypogly

Answer 9

accidents and injuiries, wieght gain

reduced IQ

Question 10

kinds of cells in the islets of langerhans in pancreases

Answer 10

Alpha, beta and delta cell

Question 11

what does alpha cell secete

Answer 11

glucagon

Question 12

what does beta cell secrete

Answer 12

insulin

Question 13

what does delta cells secrete

Answer 13

somaotostatin

Question 14

process of making insulin from preprohormone

Answer 14

preprohorome
>
prohoormone packged in vesicles>
cleaved into insulin

Question 15

what chains does mature insulin have

Answer 15

A and B chains

- need to have C chain released

Question 16

what sense glucose in the blood

Answer 16

GLUT2 on the beta cell?

Question 17

process of high BGC stimulating release of insulin

Answer 17

glucose diffuse in by GLUT2

• glucose phosphorylated into glucokinase so it doesnt diffuse out
• glucokinase used in krebs cycle to make atp
• ATP increases
• close K+ channels and causes Ca+ channels to open for Ca influx
• vesciles of insulin released

Question 18

insulin efefcts on the muscle

Answer 18

increases expression of LPL to take in TGs

-GLUT4 taking in glucose

Question 19

what prohoromone is glucagon synthesized from

Answer 19

from proglucagon

Question 20

what rfeceptor goes glucagon react with

Answer 20

G protein receptor

-act via 2nd messenger

Question 21

actions of glycagon

Answer 21

increases :
gluconeogenesis
glycogenolysis
ketogenesis and lipolysis

inhibit lipogenesis

Question 22

what is ketogenesis

Answer 22

formation of ketone boides of FA oxidisation

Question 23

where does ketogenesis occur

Answer 23

in liver

Question 24

what is hypoglycaemic action or reagant

Answer 24

something that decreases BGC

Question 25

eg of hypogy reagant

Answer 25

insulin

Question 26

what is hyperglycaemic action or reagant

Answer 26

something that increase BGC

Question 27

EG of hypergly reagant

Answer 27

glycagon

Question 28

what is glycagon like peptide (GLP-1)

Answer 28

to promote insulin releaase by binding to pancreatic cell

Question 29

action of GLP-1

Answer 29

slows down movement of food so it can be broken down easily

• easier for insulin to act on

Question 30

what prohoromone is GLP-1 synthezised from

Answer 30

proglucagon in INTESTINAL cells

Question 31

what enzyme helps GLP-1 ro have a short life

Answer 31

dipeptidyl peptidase IV

- enzyme breaking the GLP-1 down

Question 32

function of SLGT2 inhibitors

Answer 32

inhibits glucose reabsorption in the intestine so more glucose is excreted in the urine