L5 DNA Replication

Question 1

DNA replication is

Answer 1

semi-conservative

Question 2

DNA synthesis direction

Answer 2

5’ to 3’ direction

Question 3

DNA strand orientiation

Answer 3

anti-parallel

Question 4

DNA synthesis initiation

Answer 4

replication fork

Question 5

DNA helicase function

Answer 5

separate paired strands of DNA

Question 6

Okazaki fragments

Answer 6

occurs on lagging strand

Question 7

Which strand is continuous

Answer 7

leading strand

Question 8

Requirements for DNA chain synthesis

Answer 8

DNA polymerase

Question 9

What do DNA polymerases require for DNA synthesis

Answer 9

pre-existing chain or primer

Question 10

Primer

Answer 10

short stretch of nucleotides

Question 11

Action of DNA polymerase on the RNA primer

Answer 11

extends the primer

Question 12

What does lagging strand synthesis require

Answer 12

DNA primase, DNA polymerase, Ribonuclease H and DNA ligase

Question 13

Ribonuclease H function

Answer 13

removes RNA primer

Question 14

True or False - DNA helicase requires ATP

Answer 14

true

Question 15

Diseases caused by mutations in DNA helicase

Answer 15

Werner Syndrome, Bloom syndrome

Question 16

Werner syndrome

Answer 16

premature ageing

Question 17

Bloom syndrome

Answer 17

rare cancer syndrome

Question 18

Sliding clamp function

Answer 18

enhances DNA polymerase processivity, move DNA polymerase forward

Question 19

Single stranded DNA binding protein function

Answer 19

expose single stranded DNA in the replication fork, enhance processivity of DNA polymerase

Question 20

DNA topoisomerases function

Answer 20

prevent DNA becoming tangled during replication

Question 21

Which DNA topoisomerase requires ATP

Answer 21

topoisomerase II

Question 22

Origin of replication

Answer 22

where DNA replication begins

Question 23

Yeast origins

Answer 23

autonomously replicating sequences

Question 24

Human origins

Answer 24

poorly understood, sequences near to LMNB2, MYC

Question 25

What are human origins also defined by

Answer 25

chromatin structure

Question 26

When does replicator selection occyr

Answer 26

G1

Question 27

When does origin activation occur

Answer 27

S phase

Question 28

What does eukaryotic replicator selection form

Answer 28

pre-replicative complex

Question 29

Origin replication complex function

Answer 29

bind to replicator sequence

Question 30

Relationship between pre-RC and Cdk function

Answer 30

ensures chromosomes are replicated exactly once per cell cycle

Question 31

What is the effect of removing RNA primers

Answer 31

shortens newly synthesised DNA strands

Question 32

What is telomerase

Answer 32

protein and RNA

Question 33

RNA component function in telomerase

Answer 33

specifies telomere sequence