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BMS242 Cell & Molecular > L10 GPCR Signalling > Flashcards

L10 GPCR Signalling Flashcards

1
Q

Effectors of trimeric G proteins

A

enzymes

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2
Q

What do the effector enzymes of G proteins create

A

2nd messengers and ion channels

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3
Q

IP3

A

diffusible second messenger

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4
Q

IP3 function

A

controls calcium levels

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5
Q

Gqa receptors

A

a-adrenergic amines, Ach, various neurotransmitters

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6
Q

Gqa effectors

A

activate phospholipase Cb to produce IP3

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7
Q

What type of signalling is shared across many receptor families

A

signalling via lipid derived second messengers

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8
Q

Advantage of shared lipid signalling

A

cross talk and amplification

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9
Q

Lipid derived second messenger examples

A

PIP2, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin

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10
Q

What targets membrane lipids

A

receptor regulated lipases

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11
Q

What are the two types of 2nd messengers derived from membrane lipids

A

i - water soluble, ii - hydrophobic molecules

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12
Q

Movement of water soluble lipid derived 2nd messengers

A

diffuse through the cytoplasm

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13
Q

Movement of hydrophobic lipid derived second messengers

A

remain in membrane

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14
Q

Function of lipid kinases

A

add phosphate groups to lipids

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15
Q

DAG

A

diacylglycerol

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16
Q

DAG structure

A

two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages

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17
Q

What is the more abundant lipid derived second messenger

A

Phosphatidylcholine

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18
Q

Example of hydrophobic 2nd messenger

A

DAG

19
Q

Function of DAG

A

control signalling that occurs in PM

20
Q

GPCR activation of PLC generates…

A

IP3 and DAG

21
Q

What does specificity in signalling come from

A

selective expression and cellular localisation of signalling molecules

22
Q

PH domain function

A

anchors parts of enzyme into PM

23
Q

What is the PH domain important for

A

recognition

24
Q

What is PKC regulated by

A

diaceylglycerol and calcium

25
Q

Why is the location of a kinase important

A

it can only phosphorylate proteins near it

26
Q

What are PKCs

A

ser/thr kinases

27
Q

What is the PKC C1 domain activated by

A

DAG

28
Q

What is the PKC C2 domain activated by

A

Ca2+

29
Q

What is PMA

A

phorbol ester analogue of DAG

30
Q

PMA function

A

activate PKCs

31
Q

What does GFP tagged PKC imaging show

A

agonist dependent translocation to PM

32
Q

What does PKC have built in

A

inhibitory peptide

33
Q

Location of inhibitory peptide in PKC

A

when resting - folded into catalytic domain of kinase

34
Q

What residues cannot be phosphorylated

A

alanine residues

35
Q

Effect of phosphorylation

A

switches ON/OFF a function

36
Q

What does DAG binding to PKC cause

A

dissociation of intramolecular pseudosubstrate domain from active site

37
Q

What can phosphorylation of receptors contribute to

A

desensitisation

38
Q

Function of munc13

A

controls docking of secretory vesicles at PM

39
Q

What recruits munc13

A

activation of GqPCRs and synthesis of DAG in PM

40
Q

What causes Lowe syndrome

A

mutations in OCRL

41
Q

How is a large chemical gradient for calcium created

A

proteins in lumen of ER bind up Ca2+

42
Q

How is calcium influx into the cytosol regulated in the PM

A

voltage and ligand gated channels

43
Q

What is STIM

A

protein in ER that senses calcium

BMS242 Cell & Molecular (14 decks)

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