L4 - Learning Theories

Question 1

What are the two types of conditioning?

Answer 1

Classical

Operant

Question 2

What happens before CC?

Answer 2

Food is the unconditioned stimulus
Happiness of food is unconditioned response
Caregiver giving food is neutral stimulus

Question 3

How does operant conditioning work?

Answer 3

Humans have primary motive like hunger
Primary reinforcers satisfy the primary motives like food
Secondary reinforcers are sought after

Question 4

+ related to being scientific

Answer 4

Founded in established theory which used empirical methods which are objective e.g. Pavlov

Question 5

• related to explanations

Answer 5

Explains how they form but not why

Bowlby states that attachment form because caregivers will comfort and protect the infants

Question 6

• related to Harlow

Answer 6

Rhesus monkeys clung to soft cloth not wire mesh surrogate when scared by an aversive stimulus even though food wasn’t provided

Question 7

What happens after CC?

Answer 7

Caregiver becomes associated with food so becomes a conditioned stimulus and happiness when seeing them becomes a conditioned response

Question 8

What is a secondary reinforcer?

Answer 8

A person who provides the primary reinforcer to reduce the primary motive

Question 9

+ related to simplification

Answer 9

Reductionist

Explains a complicated behaviour in a simplistic way

Question 10

• related to research

Answer 10

Found that 39% of infants were attached to someone else even though mother gave food

Question 11

• related to Lorenz

Answer 11

Found goslings imprint on first moving thing they see soon after they’re born
Suggests attachment is innate and infants are too young to learn