L27- Blood and Lymph Pathology I Flashcards
list the common bacterial blood-lymph infections and microbe
Yersinia spp: Y. Pestis- Plague
Bartonella spp.:
- B. henselae- Cat-Scratch disease
- B. quintana- Trench fever
- B. Bacilliformis- Carrion’s disease
list the common viral blood-lymph infection and microbe
filoviruses: Marburg and Ebola viruses
list the common parasitic blood-lymph infections and microbe
- Wuchereria bancrofti: filariasis
- Babesia spp.: babesiosis
- Plasmodium spp.: malaria
almost all blood-lymph infections are spread via…..
Zoonotic (from animal or arthropod)
Yersinia spp.:
- Gram(+/-)
- (non-/motile)
- catalase(+/-)
- oxidase(+/-)
- (non-/lactose) fermenter
- (aerobe/anaerobe/facultative)
gram-, motile/non-motile, catalase+, oxidase-, non-lactose fermenter, facultative anaerobe
Yersinia spp.:
- (1) media needed
- (2) shape appearance
1- blood or tissue fluid
2- bipolar / ‘safety pin’ apperance due to polar bodies
Yersinia spp.:
-(1) deadly clinically important strain
- (2) another strain + infection type
- (3) another strain + infection type
1- Y. pestis
2- Y.enterocolitica –> enteric
3- Y. pseudotuberculosis –> septicemia
Y. pestis is responsible for (1) infection, with (2) as reservoirs
- if a spread described is (3) and (4), where no humans are involved, it causes (5) type of (1)
- if spread occurs person-to-person it causes (6) type of (1)
1- plague
2- rodents
(zoonotic / sylvatic and urban)
3- bite from infected flea (xenopsylla cheopis)
4- contact with infected animal
5- bubonic, septicemia plague
6- pneumonic plague
(1) is most common form of plague, caused by (2) via exposure to (3).
1- bubonic plague
2- Yersinia pestis
3- flea bite (after biting infected rodent)
Bubonic Plague clinical features:
- abrupt onset of (1)
- (2) LN changes
- (3) dissemination complications
- (4) mortality rate
1- high fever, chills
2- lymph nodes rapidly become enlarged, tender, elevated, surrounding edema mostly in femoral, inguinal region
3- to lung => secondary pneumonic form
4- 50%
Pneumonic Plague results from contact with (1) caused by (2). Secondary pneumonic plague is caused by (3) with (4) as the only additional feature to differentiate from primary type.
1- people or infected animals with respiratory infections
2- Yersinia pestis
3- hematogenous spread
4- productive cough (instead of dry cough)
Pneumonic Plague clinical features:
- (1) amount of days after inoculation for (2) symptoms to appear
- (3) mortality rate, death within (4) amount of days
- affects about (5)% of people with plague
1- 2-3 days 2- fever, HA, dry cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain, muscle weakness 3- 90% 4- 2-6 days 5- 10% (early Tx is required)
(1) is most rareform of plague, caused by (2) via (3) progression. It most commonly affects (4) individuals.
1- Septicemic plague
2- Yersinia pestis
3- develops from bubonic or primary/secondary pneumonic plagues (rapid progression)
4- older people
Septicemic Plague clinical features:
- sudden onset of (1)
- (2) skin changes (hint- 3)
- (3) seen on CXR
- (4) effect on CNS
- (5) is eventual outcome
1- high fever
2- ‘purpuric lesions’ (hemorrhagic changes), purple discoloration via DIC, gangrene (= black death)
3- bilateral infiltrated
4- altered mental status
5- multiorgan failure –> 100% mortality rate
plague in the US is mostly seen in…
SW-USA:
- New Mexico
- Arizona
- Colorado
- California