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AU16 Pharm2 > L217/218 > Flashcards

L217/218 Flashcards

1
Q

Injured cells release chemicals called

A

alarmins

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2
Q

alarmin IL-33 does what

A

produce degranulation of mast cells

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3
Q

Histamine mechanism

A

G-protein receptor
local vasodilation and leaky capillaries
More immune cells enter and produce inflammation

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4
Q

Histamine H1 receptor mechanism

A

PLC–>IP3–>Ca–>NO–>relax Smooth muscle

MLCK contraction of capillary endothelium–>leaky

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5
Q

Antiinflammatory properties and pain relief come from

A

attenuating production of prostaglandins

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6
Q

Prostaglandins biosynthesis starting from cell signaling

A 
DAG
--PLC-->
Arachidonic acid
--Cox-1 Cox-2--> 
Prostaglandins
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7
Q

Favor Cox-2

A

IL-1
TNF
Growth factors

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8
Q

Inhibit Cox-2

A

Glucocorticoids

IL-4

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9
Q

What type of receptors do prostaglandins act on

A

8 different G protein coupled receptors

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10
Q

Prostaglandin sensitization

A

PGE2 activates Galpha-s
Leads to increased PKA
Leads to increase phophorylation of TRP nociceptor

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11
Q

Irreversible and reversible inhibitors of Cox 1 and 2

A

Irreversible: Aspirin
Reversible: Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Acetaminophen

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12
Q

Most selective for cox2

A

naproxen

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13
Q

How is platelet aggregation mediated?

A

autocrine production of thromboxane A2

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14
Q

Why does aspirin show antiplatelet aggregation

A

Irreversible binding and anucleated platelets

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15
Q

Adverse effect of asprin on diabetes

A

Hyper or Hypo glycemia

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16
Q

Used to trat osteoarthritis due to solubility in synovial fluid

A

Meloxicam

17
Q

DMARDS

A

Disease modifying antirheumatic dugs

Act as immunosupressants

18
Q

Standard first treatment for rheumatoid arthritis

A

NSAID

Methotrexate (DMARD)

19
Q

Methotrexate mechanism of action

A

Inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase

20
Q

Next option or treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

A

Biologics that interfere with TNF-alpha

21
Q

Probenecid

A

blocks tubular reabsorption of uric acid in kidney

22
Q

Colchicine

A

Anti-inflammatory for gout
blocks microtubule formation
inhibits spindle formation during mitosis

23
Q

Enzyme responsible for uric acid production

A

Xanthine oxidase

AU16 Pharm2 (8 decks)

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