L21: Cardiovascular Histology

Question 1

list the layers of the heart

Answer 1

endocardium – inner
myocardium
epicardium
cardiac skeleton

Question 2

endocardium

Answer 2

innermost layer lining atria and ventricles

contains endothelium and subendothelium CT

Question 3

subendocarldium

Answer 3

located between endo and myocardium

containing nerves and purkinje fibers

Question 4

myocardium

Answer 4

consists of cardiac muscle cells – the actual muscled walls of the heart

Question 5

epicardium

Answer 5

the external surface
simple squame mesothelium

overlies fibroelastic CT

Question 6

fibroelastic CT associated w/ the epicardium contains

Answer 6

adipocytes
nerves
coronary vessels

Question 7

cardiac skeleton

Answer 7

dense collagenous CT

holds heart entering/exiting vessels in place

Question 8

elastic arteries are _____ arteries that send blood to

Answer 8

conducting arteries

send blood to parts of the body

Question 9

elastic arteries _____ during systole and _____ during diastole but do not _____ .

Answer 9

stretch
recoil
do not contract

Question 10

tunica media of elastic arteries

Answer 10

layers of elastic fibers organized into elastic laminae w/ CT interspersed

Question 11

list the elastic arteries

Answer 11

aorta
pulmonary trunk
large branches off aorta

Question 12

muscular arteries are _____ arteries and ?

Answer 12

distributing arteries

can constrict or relax to change blood flow to specific areas of the body

Question 13

muscular arteries - tunica media

Answer 13

consists of smooth muscle that responds to autonomic stimulation and hormones

Question 14

thickness of smooth muscle layer _____ as diameter decreases, in muscular arteries.

Answer 14

decreases

Question 15

muscular arteries include all ?

Answer 15

named arteries of body except the elastic arteries

Question 16

things associated w/ the tunica adventitia of muscular arteries

Answer 16

nerves
loose CT
BVs
lymphatics

Question 17

most arteries have their own ______ _____ called the vasa vasorum.

Answer 17

blood supply

Question 18

arterioles give rise to ______ which have a discontinuous layer of smooth muscle tissue and pre-_____ _____ .

Answer 18

metarterioles

pre-capillary sphincters

Question 19

list different types of capillaries

Answer 19

continuous
fenestrated
discontinuous

Question 20

continuous capillary locations

Answer 20

brain
thymus
bones
lungs

Question 21

fenestrated capillary locations

Answer 21

intestinal villi
choroid plexus
ciliary processes of the eye
glomerulus of kidneys

Question 22

discontinuous capillaries are also called ? and found ?

Answer 22

sinusoid capillary
because gaps are larger than fenestrae

spleen and liver

Question 23

in comparison w/ arteries, veins have a larger _____ but thinner ______ . and _____ are present in most veins.

Answer 23

larger lumen
thinner walls
valves

Question 24

larger veins have a layer of longitudinal _____ ____ in the inner aspect of the tunica adventitia

Answer 24

smooth muscle

Question 25

lymphatics have a _____ start/sac as their origin. meaning ?

Answer 25

blind start

they just begin w/ no particular origin structures

Question 26

describe lymphatic vessels

Answer 26

single layer endothelium
basal lamina may be absent
anchoring filaments
valves in larger vessels

Question 27

macrophages found in the tunica intima of atherosclerosis of aorta are referred to as?

Answer 27

foam cells