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Histology Exam 3 > L18: The Ear > Flashcards

L18: The Ear Flashcards

1
Q

auricle

A

outer part of the ear

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2
Q

describe the auricle

A

skin over elastic tissue
keratinized
stratified squame

consists of the pinna and auditory canal

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3
Q

auditory meatus

A

the auditory canal

outer third of ear - elastic cartilage

inner 2/3s = bone

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4
Q

lining of the auditory meatus

A

stratified squame
sebaceous glands
ceruminous glands

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5
Q

ceruminous glands

A

modified sebaceous glands

for secreting ear wax

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6
Q

tympanic membrane

A

the eardrum

separates the external auditory meatus from the middle ear

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7
Q

compare the core - internal - external surfaces of the tympanic membrane

A

core - vascularized, innervated CT

internal - simple cuboidal

external - thin skin

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8
Q

name the 3 auditory ossicles

A

ossicles = ear bones

  1. malleus
  2. incus
  3. stapes - most interior
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9
Q

ossicles that attaches the incus to the tympanic membrane

A

malleus

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10
Q

intermediate ossicles between the malleus and stapes

A

incus

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11
Q

ossicles that inserts on the oval window

A

stapes

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12
Q

which ossicles provides an opening for the stapedial artery

A

stapes

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13
Q

what are the metaphors for the ossicles?

A

malleus = hammer - strikes the anvil

incus = anvil

stapes = stirrups - like shape

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14
Q

what are the openings from the middle ear to the cochlea

A

oval window

round window

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15
Q

oval window

A

stapes attaches to the membrane covering the window

opens into the scala vestibuli

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16
Q

round window

A

membrane covered region

at the end of scala tympani

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17
Q

name the 2 muscles of the middle ear and where they insert

A

tensor tympani – on malleus

stapedius – on stapes

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18
Q

what is the function of the middle ear muscles

A

thought to contract in response to loud noises in order to protect the ear

but recent discoveries prove not

19
Q

what are the 4 regions of the inner ear

A
  1. bony labyrinth
  2. membranous labyrinth
  3. vestibular organ
  4. auditory organ
20
Q

what is the bony labyrinth

A

a system of canals and chambers embedded in petrous portion of temporal bone

containing perilymph

21
Q

perilymph has a high ____ content

A

sodium

22
Q

what are the contents of the bony labyrinth

A

semicircular canals
cochlea
scala vestibuli
scala tympani

23
Q

what is the membranous labyrinth

A

a system of membranous structures embedded w/in the bony labyrinth

aka the membrane on top of boy labyrinth - both occupy same space

24
Q

where is endolymph found and what is it’s highest component

A

membranous labyrinth

high K content

25
Q

describe the vestibular organ

A

sensory structures that respond to changes in position of the head compared to gravity

26
Q

contents of the vestibular organ

A

maculae of saccule
utricle
cristae ampullares of the semicircular canals

27
Q

macula epithelium

A

support cells = columnar

vestibular hair cells - not real hair but stereocilia

28
Q

where are vestibular hair cells found

A

in the maculae of the vestibular organ

29
Q

describe vestibular hair cells

A

not hair but stereocilia
attached to a plate

hair cells are in contact w/ afferent nerve endings

30
Q

describe the otolithic membrane of the _______ organ

A

vestibular organ

gelatinous layer containing otoliths

has vestibular stereocilia

31
Q

what is the functions of otoliths

A

are calcium carbonate crystals overlying the epithelium of the otolithic membrane

they are displaced by head mvts and this relays sensory impulses

32
Q

epithelium of cristae ampullares

A

supporting cells = columnar

similar hair cells as found in maculae

33
Q

cristae ampullares – cupula

A

a similar gelatinous layer as the otolithic membrane but does not contain crystals

but does contain fluid

34
Q

how do head mvts effect the cristae ampullares

A

mvt creates shear forces in the cupula

forces between semicircular ducts that contain fluid

displaced fluid causes bending in stereocilia = sensory impulses

35
Q

contents of the auditory organ

A 
cochlear duct
scala vestibuli
scala tympani
vestibular memb.
basilar memb.
stria vascularis
organ of corti
36
Q

the cochlear duct is also called

A

scala media

37
Q

the cochlear duct divides the cochlea into ?

A

scala vestibuli and scala tympani

38
Q

the vestibular membrane forms the _____ of the auditory organ and the basilar membrane forms the ______ .

A

roof

floor

39
Q

the stria vascularis forms the ______ aspect of the auditory organ, and helps form ?

A

lateral aspect

forms endolymph

40
Q

the organ of corti lies on the _____ ______ of the auditory organ

A

basilar membrane

41
Q

stria vascularis

A

lateral wall of cochlear partition

highly vascularized

responsible for production and composition of endolymph

42
Q

the organ of corti contains inner and outer ____ cells.

A

hair cells

43
Q

the tectorial membrane is part of the

A

organ of corti

Histology Exam 3 (9 decks)

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