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PHSL 232 > L20 > Flashcards

L20 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the major fueling pathway for our exercising

skeletal muscles

A

Oxidative

phosphorylation

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2
Q

when do we use oxidative phosphorylation

A

when we excersize over 2 min

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3
Q

We need to get O2 to the muscles which diffused into the blood in the lungs then it goes to the mussels where CO2 is produced and then that cose back to the lungs where it is expelled. For all of this to happen we need…. what

A

a healthy respiratory system

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4
Q

3 main goals of respiratory

system during exercise

A

Ensure that partial pressure of O2 (PaO2) in our arteries is well
maintained to allow adequate O2 supply to exercising muscles

To eliminate metabolic and nonmetabolic CO2 to maintain the partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2)
in our arteries

To assist in the buffering of
metabolic acids produced
during high intensity exercise

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5
Q

at sea level what is the PP of O2

A

159 mmHg

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6
Q

at sea level the PP of O2 = 159mmHg, what is it when it reaches the alveoli

A

105mmHg

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7
Q

what is the process in which O2 is consumed by the muscles

A

oxidative poshorilation

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8
Q

at rest what % of O2 do we use (because of oxidative phosporilation)

A

This drops the conc of O2 down from 100 to 40 therefore at resu we use about 60 of O2

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9
Q

at rest how many mL of O2 do you have per 100mL of blood

A

20 mL

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10
Q

at rest how many mL of O2 will the muscles extract from the blood

A

4-5mL

when we are excersizing this chages

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11
Q

what are the sources of CO2

A

Metabolic (oxidative phosporilasiatin)
• Glucose + 6O2 → 30 ATP
+ 6CO2 +6H2O
• Palmitate (FFA) + 23O2 → 108ATP + 16 CO2

Non-metabolic
• H+ + HCO3 → H2CO3 →
CO2 + H2O
H+ ions get buffered by bicarbonate which is in the muscles but when H+ binds it produces CO2

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12
Q

what is tidal volume

definition and velue

A 
Tidal volume is the
amount of air breathed
in with each normal
breath. The average
tidal volume is 0.5 litres
(500 ml).
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13
Q

how do you increase ventilation

A

(1) Increase tidal volume

(2) Increase breathing frequency

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14
Q

what is the relative increse in ventilation rate, tidal volume and breathing frequency that occurs because of excersize

A

VE = 32x

VT = 8x

f = 4x

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15
Q

The increase in ventilation during exercise

is controlled by what

A

both neural and humoral

(chemical) pathways.

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16
Q

when anticipating to excerise you breathe quicker to prep your for that extra O2 that you will need.

what is this done by

A

This is done by the brain

17
Q

The first few minutes of excersize feel really hard and then after awhile its not so bad. why is this

A

This is because the neural response steals down and the chemical response takes control

18
Q

how does work in the muscles lead to an increase in ventilation rate

A

Lactate that is produced causes an increase in H+ which increases the acidity levels of the blood

This is buffered by hydrogen carbonate. This H+ leads to the formation of CO2. this CO2 then diffuses into the CSF where it gets converted back into H+ ions. It then acts on the central chemoreceptor to tell the lungs to increase the respiration rate as CO2 levels are getting too high

19
Q

what is the best way to breath to maximise O2 intake and CO2 output

A

deep breath in (O2)

sharp breath out (CO2)

20
Q

ATP generation is dependent on 3 things. what are these

in terms of exercise

A

Intensity of excersize

Duration of excersize

How fit are you

21
Q

what does fitness have to do with excerise (3 points)

A

The fitter you are the longer ti takes for you to get to the point where you have to use your aneraobic system

The more fit you areobic system is the longer and the faster you can go

The longer you can preform in the anerobic zone the stronger you are

22
Q

describe the % of energy production/time graph

the graph with all the different energy systems

A

NOTE that all of the energy systems are active all the time it is ject that in some phases some are more active then others

0-2 sec you use all of the ATP stores therefore % of energy production decreases

0-2 sec ATP creatine phosphate increases % of energy production and the 2-10 sec the % decreases

0-10 sec the % of energy produced from the lactic acid system slowly increases and then decreases from 10 sec to 2 min

the airobic system is fairly constant with but is the main form after exercising for longer then 2 min

main energy system
0-2 sec = ATP stores 
2-10 = ATP creatine phosphate system 
10 sec - 2 min = lactic acid system 
2 min onwards = aerobic system
23
Q

what is the ventilation vs workload (intensity) relationship

A

As work load increases so des our ventilation

The harder you are going the faster you are breathing and the more tidal volume you will try and recruit

24
Q

what is another name for the functional threshold power

A

anaerobic threshold

25
Q

what is the functional threshold

A

The maximum intensity an athlete can hold without accumulation of lactate, or the fatigue that goes along with that phenomenon

26
Q

why did the term anaerobic threshold lose its popularity

A

The term anaerobic theshold loss its popularity when it became apparent that there is no point in time where O2 is simply not used. This is because at all times both systems are being used it is just that at different times one system is dominating the other

27
Q

what is functional theshold power dependent on

A
  • Aerobic system : how quickly lactate can be removed

* Anaerobic system: how much lactate is produced

28
Q

when de we start to rely on anerobic systems

A

When we satrt to rely on the anerobic system it is because we are unable to get sufficent O2 to the muscles in order to sustain the excerise aerobically

29
Q

Anerobic produces more …..

A

latate

30
Q

what is the latate threshold

A

The latate threshold is when the intensity get even higher than the anerobic threshold
This happens when we run out of energy stores and we have to stop and we have to slow down and go back to our areobic system

31
Q

what is VO2 max

A

the point at which we have to stop (or slow down)

this is the point where the max amount of O2 is getting to the muscles

32
Q

what does it mean if you increase your aerobic fitness

A

The more aerobically fit you are the further along the exercise intensity you can maintain before you switch over to the anaerobic system

33
Q

how long can you rely on your anaerobic system

A

Anaerobic systems is will trained then you might be able to use this system for 2 min before you run out of energy stores. Untrained people is less then 1 min

34
Q

describe the graph that describes functional thresholds power

A

HR, VO2 and VCO2 all increase linearly

lactate increases exponentially. slight increase at aerobic threshold and sharp increase at anaerobic threshold

35
Q

what is the unit for VO2 max

max volume of oxygen a person can use

A

mL/Kg/min

36
Q

how do you measure VO2 max

A

To mesure VO2 max you push an athlete until the anaerobic system takes over and then keep pushing until they have to go back to aerobic

37
Q 
Which of the following sports in an anaerobic
activity?
• Baseball
• Marathon running
• Weightlifting
• 1500m running
A

weightlifting

PHSL 232 (30 decks)

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