L2 - Methods to Generate Qualitative Data Flashcards

(9 cards)

1
Q

What do techniques need to be?

A
  • Reproducible: someone can use the same info to generate similar info
  • Systematic: ensuring interviewees are not picked to support our pre-existing ideas
  • Credible: Questions should be reasonable
  • Transparent: Should be written
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2
Q

What are other methods if questions do not work

A
  • Diary question: describe a day in the life
  • Critical Incidents: Worst/best experiences
  • Free Listing: list all of something e.g all causes of malaria
  • Ranking: ask to rank items by free listing
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3
Q

What are Issues during Interviewing:

A
  • Access: how do you have access to people?
    • Ethical issues: no coercion
    • Bias: not patients that will give the ans u want
  • Setting: Where will you do it e.g privacy
  • Rapport: Presentation, link to participant, try not to be intimidating. Be non-judgemental
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4
Q

What are group interviews?

A
  • Discussion with group of people
  • Spontaneous chats
  • 2 types: Formal groups and natural groups
  • Formal groups: Ppts selected to meet sampling criteria , broad range of ideas, formal controlled, usually taped and transcribed, testing service users views (range of views)
  • Natural group: Group exists independently, formal/informal, used for data collection, social research and product planning (interested in group norms)
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5
Q

What are the advantages of group interviews?

A
  • Can see how people talk to each other and if there are any power relationships, can inform work
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6
Q

Practical issues with group interviews

A
  • Recruitment: Not too many, not too little, 6-10
  • Can ask volunteers, or ask people who are leaders in the community, or can use a natural group
  • Moderator needed: promote debate, drawing out challenges & differences in opinions, moving things along, ensuring everyone speaks without showing favouritism
  • Stop groups when there is no new data
  • Make sure setting is not too private/too little, seating should be circular
  • Data recording should be recorded for transcripts, key note taker, flip chart is useful for recording group consensus
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7
Q

How to consider confidentiality and security?

A
  • Consider safety of those being interviewed e/g humiliation, trauma etc.
  • Good interpreter, match gender of interviewee and interviewer
  • Do not use transcripts around, info cannot fall into wrong hands, can use code
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8
Q

What are Validation Strategies?

A
  • Triangulation: Increases validity, seeks evidence from wide range of sources and comparing findings from sources. If they coincide, then it strengthens argument
  • Member checking: Feeding findings of analysis back to participants through focus groups and asking them to reflect from their perspective
  • Look at deviant cases in detail and account for why they differ
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9
Q

What are the good practise guidelines?

A

1) Transparency: clear account of procdure used that others can follow
2) Maximise Validity: Ensure conclusions are based on supporting evidence and include analysis of data that do not
3) Maximise Reliability: Analyse whole set of data, use 1+ coder/analyst
4) Comparability: compare data between/within cases in data set, compare findings to other studies
5) You as a confounding factor: Might people exaggerate to solve a problem as you have funding? Do not use findings you find interesting, be objective

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