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BIO230 Entomology > L2 Insect Orders > Flashcards

L2 Insect Orders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the phylogenetic name for insects

A

Insecta

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2
Q

What are the 2 infra classes of Pterygota and what do they mean

A

Paleoptera (old wing) and Neoptera (new wing)

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3
Q

What are the 2 super-orders of Neoptera

A

Exopterygota and Endopterygota

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4
Q

Do the wings of exopterygota develop internally or externally

A

Externally

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5
Q

Do the nymphs of exopterygota resemble adults

A

Yes

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6
Q

What are the Plecoptera indicators of

A

Pollution

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7
Q

What is contained within the super-order dictyoptera

A

Cockroaches, termites and mantids

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8
Q

What is the name for the toughenes front wings of cockroaches

A

Tegmina

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9
Q

What group did termites used to belong to and what changed this

A

Were Ioptera
Molecular woek 20 years ago identified them to be in the same order as cockroaches

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10
Q

What is the leg structure in mantids

A

Modified front legs for prey capture

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11
Q

How many mantids are native to the UK

A

None

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12
Q

What is the shape of a mantis head and waht kind of vision do they have

A

Triangular
Binocular vision

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13
Q

What are the cerci

A

Sticking out bits on an earwig

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14
Q

What trait do female earwigs wxhibit that is rarely seen in insects

A

Parental care

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15
Q

What are the hindwings of orthoptera modified for

A

Jumping

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16
Q

What do the forewings of orthoptera form and what does this do

A

Forms stridulatory organs
Make noise

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17
Q

What defences do stick and leaf insects use

A

Camoflauge, bright coloured hindwings, spines and death feigning

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18
Q

Where are the silk glands in webspinners found

A

First tarsal segment which is swollen

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19
Q

What special silk structure do webspinners form

A

silk galleries

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20
Q

At what life stages are Phthiraptera (parasitic lice) ectoparasites

A

As juveniles and adults

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21
Q

The phthiraptera are secondary wingless, what does this mean

A

They intiially evolved wings but lost them as they were not needed

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22
Q

The phthiraptera are secondary wingless, what does this mean

A

They intiially evolved wings but lost them as they were not needed

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23
Q

How can the mouthparts of phthiraptera be modified

A

Chewing mandibles for feeding on feathers, fur or hair
Piercing stylets - inject anti-coagulants

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24
Q

How many suborders of Hemiptera are there

A

4

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25
Q

What is the biggest suborder of Hemiptera

A

Heteroptera

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26
Q

What are bronchosomes and which suborder produced them

A

Auchenorrhyncha
prodcued in a liquid which coats the body and provides water resistance

27
Q

What is a key feature of thrip wings

A

Have fringes of ling cilia
Reduced venation

28
Q

How modified are the mouthparts of thrips

A

Very modified, only left mandible present

29
Q

Do the wings of Endopterygota develop internally or externally

A

Internal

30
Q

What are the life stages of Endopterygota

A

Larva -> pupa -> adult

31
Q

Do endopterygota larva resemble adults
What is the benefit of this

A

No, larva and adults look different
They don’t compete for the same resources

32
Q

What special feature may be found on an alderlies abdomen

A

Gills

33
Q

What special feature may be found on an alderlies abdomen

A

Gills

34
Q

Are alderflies good fliers

A

No

35
Q

How many pairs of wings do alderflies have

A

2

36
Q

What is the feeding method of Neuroptera larvae (antflies, lacewings etc) and how are they adapted for this

A

Specialised predators with elongated mandibles adapted for piercing and sucking
Predators of pests

37
Q

What is the largest insect group

A

Coleoptera - beetles

38
Q

What is the hard structure which covers the body of coleoptera

A

Elytra

39
Q

Which group of coleoptera have a reduced elytra

A

Staphyliniidae - short elytra only covering part of the body

40
Q

What insects might stylops be parasites of

A

Bees, wasps, leafhopper, silverfish and cockroach

41
Q

What does neotenic mean

A

Like larvae

42
Q

Which sex of stylops can be described as neotenic

A

Females

43
Q

How can scorpionflies be identified

A

Elongated mouthparts

44
Q

What is the name for the elongated mouthpart of scorpionflies

A

Rostrum

45
Q

What is the lifestyle of fleas

A

obligate paraasites of mammals and birds

46
Q

How are the legs of Siphonaptera (fleas) adapted for their llifestyle

A

Long, hind pair adapted for jumping
Have hairs for attachment

47
Q

Do Siphonaptera have wings

A

No - secondary wingless

48
Q

How many paris of functional wings do Diptera have

A

1

49
Q

What has happened to the hindwings in Diptera

A

Modified into halteres

50
Q

Do larvae of diptera have legs

A

No true legs but sometimes have prolegs

51
Q

What is the calypter

A

The reduced wings in diptera

52
Q

How many pairs of eings do caddislfies have

A

2

53
Q

Do adult caddisflies feed

A

No

54
Q

What can aquatic larvae of Trichoptera indicate

A

Water quality

55
Q

What is the structure of wings in Lepidoptera

A

They have flattened scales

56
Q

Which order are Lepidoptera closely related to

A

Trichoptera

57
Q

How is the mouthpart of lepidoptera adapted

A

Tubular proboscis

58
Q

What suborder to most UK Lepidoptera species belong to

A

Glossata

59
Q

What is the largest and most complex insect order

A

Hymenoptera

60
Q

What is the largest and most complex insect order

A

Hymenoptera

61
Q

What links the wings in Hymenoptera

A

Hamuli

62
Q

How is sex determined in Hymenoptera

A

Haplodiploid sex determination

63
Q

What is the haploid and diploid sex in Hymenoptera

A

Diploid = females
Males = haploid

64
Q

What is the main lifestyle of Hymenoptera

A

Parasitic

BIO230 Entomology (10 decks)

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