Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KPE264 > L16;C6 > Flashcards

L16;C6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Dalton’s law?

A

The total pressure and sum of all partial pressures of all gases in a mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is SATP at sea level?

A

760mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do you find PP?

A

Barometric pressure x [fractional]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Henry’s law?

A

amount of dissolved gas in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do diffusion rates depend on?

A
  • pressure differences

- solubility of gas in fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

PP is ____ in capillaries due to high pressure gradient

A

High

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the pressure gradient cause with respect to diffusion?

A

It causes diffusion of O2 into and CO2 out of tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is higher in tissues? Oxygenated blood or CO2?

A

CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Greater surface area= _______ diffusion

A

Greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

With respect to diffusion constant, gases that have high what have high diffusion constant?

A

Gases that have high solubility have high diffusion rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How much of the bottom lungs are perfumed with blood?

A

1/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is poor about the top 2/3 of surface area of the lungs?

A

It’s is very bad at any gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pulmonary arteries have _____mmHg of CO2

Alveolar PCO2 have _____mmHg

A

46

40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the 6mmHg difference permits comparing pulmonary and alveolar PCO2?

A

This permits diffusion, it is 20x greater than O2. This allows diffusion despite low gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PP dictates diffusion. If PP is lower, what happens to diffusion?

A

When PP is lower, there is less diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

As exercise intensity increases, you go from _____ difference to _____

A

Lower, higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

More O2, _____ partial pressure

A

Increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are four factors that dictate the maximum amount of O2 blood can carry?

A
  1. Based on Hb content
  2. Hb is 99% saturated at rest
  3. Lower saturation with exercise
  4. Less than 2% is dissolved in plasma
19
Q

People with small stature allow for arterial ________ _______

A

Enduced Hypoximia

20
Q

What does Anema do?

A

It decreases Hb, and decreased O2 Capacity

21
Q

For every 1mmHg increase, _____ O2 dissolves in plasma

A

0.003ml

22
Q

Where is there higher saturation of Hb in the body? Why? Where is it lower?

A

There is higher saturation in the arteries and lungs so it can be carried and used. It is lower in the muscles

23
Q

Explain the off loading portion of Hb saturation curve

A

This is where smaller changes in PP such as metabolism increases which results in large changes in saturation

24
Q

Explain the unloading phase off the curve

A

This is where saturation changes with small amounts of PO2 allowing for O2 to unload to tissues easier.

25
Q

What causes a right shift in saturation curves?

A
  • increase in 2,3DPG
  • Temperature increases
  • decrease in O2
26
Q

What causes a shift to the left?

A
  • increase in pH
27
Q

What is the DPG caused by?

A

It is a by product of glycolysis

28
Q

Explain the role of bicarbonate with respect to O2 and Hb

A

H+ binds to Hb buffering it. This triggers a Bhor effect and it eventually decreases movement of O2 associated with Hb

29
Q

With regards to carbaminohemoglobin, when you increase PCo2, what does this cause (with Hb binding) and what happens when it decreases?

A

When PCo2 increases—> it is easier Co2-Hb binding

When PCo2 decreases—> it is easier Co2-Hb dissociation

30
Q

What is the haldane effect?

A

Hb interaction with O2 reduces its ability to combine with Co2
This aids with releasing Co2 in the lungs

31
Q

How many molecules can myoglobin bind? Hemoglobin?

A

Myoglobin—> 1 molecule

Hemoglobin—> 4 molecules

32
Q

What is the curve difference between myoglobin and hemoglobin? Why is it like this?

A

Hb is significant due to it having more binding sites, myoglobin stays the same and has a relative exponential increase due to it only have 1 binding site

33
Q

What is the relationship between Myoglobin and Hemoglobin?

A

Hemoglobin is diffusing O2 into muscles, then the Myoglobin facilities the O2 into the muscle for use

34
Q

What is myoglobins influence and roles (3)

A
  1. o2 content of blood
  2. Blood flow
  3. Local conditions
35
Q

What is CO2 removal driven by?

A

This is driven by PCO2 gradient, blood PCo2 low, tissue (muscles) Pco2 is high

36
Q

Ventilation requires coordination between ______ regulation of ________ ventilation

A

Involuntary, pulmonary

37
Q

What three things does the respiratory Center have?

A
  • inspiratory, expiratory
  • located in brain stem
  • established rate and depth of breathing signals
38
Q

What is the most potent stimulus for breathing nervous action?

A

Co2

39
Q

Wheat are central chemoreceptors stimulated by? What are their functions?

A

Stimulated by the increase in Co2 in cerebrospinal fluid.

They also increase rate of breathing and removes excess Co2 from body

40
Q

What are peripheral chemoreceptors? Where are they located?

A

These are in aortic body and bifurcation of the carotid arteries, they are sedative to blood Po2, PCO2 H+

41
Q

What are mechanoreceptors?

A

These deal with excessive stretch, they reduce breathing

42
Q

What is frank starling law?

A

stroke volume of the heart increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood in the ventricles, before contraction

43
Q

What is ficks law?

A

Diffusion occurs from high [] to low []

KPE264 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions