L1: WBC's and RBC's

Question 1

Name the innate defense WBCs

Answer 1

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

Question 2

Where does Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas stand for?

Answer 2

WBCs decreasing in size:
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophil
Basophil

Question 3

What are polymorphonuclear cells?

Answer 3

Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, erythrocytes

Question 4

Which WBC is the most abundant?

Answer 4

Neutrophils

Question 5

What role does the neutrophil have?

Answer 5

Protection from bacteria & fungi

Question 6

What is the size and lifespan in the blood of neutrophils?

Answer 6

12-15 µm

120 days

Question 7

What types of lymphocytes are there?

Answer 7

B, T and NK cells

Question 8

What is the function of T-cell lymphocytes?

Answer 8

Helper: mature & activate other cells through cytokine production to destroy cells infected with viruses
Memory: remember antigens from past infections

Question 9

What is the function of B-cell lymphocytes?

Answer 9

Plasma: Produce large amounts of ABs
Memory: remember past infections

Question 10

What is the role of NK cells?

Answer 10

Kill virus-infected & tumour cells.

Question 11

What is the function of monocytes?

Answer 11

Role in chronic inflammation

Protection from bacteria & funghi

Question 12

What is the size and lifespan in the blood of monocytes?

Answer 12

12-20 µm, 20-40 hours

Question 13

What is the role of eosinophils?

Answer 13

To protect against parasites.

Question 14

What is the size and lifespan of eosinophils?

Answer 14

12-15 µm

Days.

Question 15

What is the role of basophils?

Answer 15

protection against parasites and functions in allergic reactions.

Question 16

What is the size and lifespan in blood of basophils?

Answer 16

12-15 µm

Days

Question 17

What is the diameter and lifespan of RBCs?

Answer 17

6-8 µm

120 days.

Question 18

What is the number of RBCs found in a healthy human?

Answer 18

5 x 10^12 /L

Question 19

What is the function of RBCs?

Answer 19

Oxygen and CO2 transport

Question 20

What is the function of platelets?

Answer 20

Haemostasis

Question 21

What is the size and lifespan in the blood of platelets?

Answer 21

0,5-3 µm, 10 days.

Question 22

What is the shape of RBCs?

Answer 22

Biconcave disc shape

Question 23

What is the function of the biconcave in RBVs?

Answer 23

Allows for oxygen exchange at a constant rate over the largest possible area.

Question 24

What is the shape of the nucleus of a neutrophil?

Answer 24

multi nuclei bubbles.

Question 25

What is the shape of the eosinophil nucleus?

Answer 25

Kind of a horse-shoe shape

Question 26

What is the shape of the basophil nucleus?

Answer 26

Granulated, all over the cell.

Question 27

What is the shape of the monocyte nucleus?

Answer 27

Kidney shaped.

Question 28

What is the number of platelets found in a healthy human body?

Answer 28

140-400 x 10^9 per liter

Question 29

Explain how an automated cell counter works (5 steps)

Answer 29

1) Whole blood + EDTA is taken up in the machine
2) Channel 1 counts small platelets
3) Next, channel 2 counts RBCs
4) The red cells are lysed
5) Flow cytometry attached to ACC differentiated the WBCs.

Question 30

Where does wholeblood consist of?

Answer 30

55% plasma
45% RBCs
1% WBCs & platelets (buffy coat)

Question 31

What is hematocrit?

Answer 31

Volume RBCs/ total volume.

High = epolycythemia, low = anemia

Question 32

What is serum?

Answer 32

Like plasma, but without clotting factors.

Question 33

What is found in plasma?

Answer 33

90% H2O
8% proteins (albumin, ABs, fibrinogen for bloodclotting)
2% hormones, electrolytes (sodium), nutrients (glucose) & waste products.