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Anatomy - Block 2 > L1 - Thoracic Wall & Lungs > Flashcards

L1 - Thoracic Wall & Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

Superior Thoracic Aperture

A

the 1st rib and clavicles wrapped around

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2
Q

Inferior Thoracic Apature

A

Along the bottom ribs, around the back and across the spine

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3
Q

The Mammary Gland is to the pectoralis major.

What does the Mammary Gland consist of?

A

Superficial

It consists of:

  • glandular tissue
  • ducts
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4
Q

True or False

Inactive breast consists of adipose tissue.

A

True

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5
Q

What is the arterial supply of the breast?

A

Lateral Thoracic –> Lateral mammary branches

Internal Thoracic –> Medial mammary branches

Intercostal Arteries –> Inferior mammary branches

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6
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the breast?

A

Sentinel (Initial) Lymph Nodes

Axillary (lateral)

Parasternal (medial)

Inferior phrenic (inferior)

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7
Q

What is the major lymphatic drainage of the breast?

A

Axillary Lymph Nodes

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8
Q

The thoracic cavity is bounded by ?

A

the sternum

ribs

bodies of the vertebrae

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9
Q

How many pairs of ribs are there?

Name and describe them

A

12 pairs of ribs

True (Pairs: 1-7)

Connect DIRECTLY to the sternum via costal cartilage

False (Pairs: 8-10)

Connect INDIRECTLY to the sternum via costal cartilage of the rib above them

Floating (Pairs: 11 and 12)

Do NOT connect to the sternum

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10
Q

What Separates the Superior Mediastinum from the Inferior Mediastinum?

A

Sternal Plane (Angle of Louis)

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11
Q

Where does the sternal angle attach?

A

attaches 2nd rib

Extends posterior between T4 and T5

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12
Q

Which bones are associated with the thoracic wall?

A

clavicle and scapula

allow for shoulder movement

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13
Q

The first rib articulates through

The second through seventh ribs articulate through

A

a cartilaginous joint (immovable)

synovial joints (some movement)

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14
Q

Why is it important to have the first rib stable?

A

it stabilizes all the other ribs as they move

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15
Q

True or False

The sternal angle divides the superior mediastinum from the inferior mediastinum.

A

True

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16
Q

The head of the rib articulates with?

The tubercle articulates with?

A

the body of 2 vertebrae

the transverse process​

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17
Q

The costal cartilage of the true ribs articulates

The false ribs articulate with

The floating ribs

A

directly with the sternum

the with the costal cartilage of the seventh​

have no anterior articulation ​

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18
Q

What is superior to inferior in the costal groove?

A

Vein

Artery

Nerve

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19
Q

Where is the costal groove located?

A

Between the internal intercostal and the innermost intercostal muscles

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20
Q

Head of each rib articulates at

The tubercle of each rib articulates with

ICF articulates to the rib

Ex: ICF of V6 binds to

SCF and TCF articulate to

A

two different vertebrae

the same vertebrae​

BELOW

rib 7​

the SAME rib​

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21
Q

The neurovascular bundle in the costal groove is located where?

A. Deep to the innermost intercostal muscle

B. Between the external and internal intercostal muscles

C. Between the internal and innermost intercostal muscles

D. Superficial to the external intercostal muscle

A

C. Between the internal and innermost intercostal muscles

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22
Q

The first rib is

A

flattened superior-inferior, instead of anterior-posterior

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23
Q

The groove for the subclavian vein is

The groove for the s-c artery is to the scalene tubercle.

A

Subclavian Vein –> Anterior

Subclavian Artery –> Posterior

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24
Q

Scalenes can become what for breathing?

A

accessory muscles

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25
Q

Name the muscles of the thoracic wall

A

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anterior

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26
Q

The external intercostal muscle becomes

A

membranous at around the junction of the ribs and costal cartilage

It continues as a membrane anteriorly

IMPortant EMAil

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27
Q

The external intercostal muscle runs

A

Lateral to Medial

as you travel superior to inferior

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28
Q

The internal intercostals are muscular and membranous .

A

anteriorly

posterior

IMPortant EMAil

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29
Q

The internal intercostal muscle runs

A

Medial to Lateral

as you go inferiorly

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30
Q

Innermost costal muscles are

A

mostly on the lateral aspect

and are

DEEP to the vascular bundle

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31
Q

Where is the Transversus Thoracis located?

Transversus Thoracis is to the innermost intercostal muscle?

A

On the inside of the chest wall

Deep to the innermost

32
Q

How does the Transverse Thoracis travel?

A
33
Q

Name the muscles involved in Inspiration

A

External intercostals

Internal intercostals (interchondral part)

Diaphragm

34
Q

Name the muscles involved in Expiration

A

Internal intercostals

35
Q

External Intercostal

Internal Intercostal

Innermost Intercostal

A

L –> M

M –> L

Superior –> Inferior

36
Q

Identify this structure

A

External Intercostal Muscle

37
Q

Identify this structure

A

Internal intercostal muscle

38
Q

Which of these matches correctly?

A. External Intercostals…Run Medial to Lateral

B. Internal Intercostals…Run Lateral to Medial

C. External Intercostals…Run Lateral to Medial

D. None of the above

A

C. External Intercostals…Run Lateral to Medial

39
Q

True or False

There are no anterior or posterior intercostal nerves, they all come off the spinal cord

A

True

40
Q

What muscles are innervated by the dorsal primary rami?

A

Deep back muscles​

41
Q

What runs on both sides of the vertebral column?

A

Sympathetic trunk

42
Q

Name the layers of the lung

A

Outside to Inside:

Parietal Layer

(Pleural Cavity btwn)

Visceral Layer

43
Q

What is the layer against the lung itself?

A

Visceral layer

visceral –> means organ

44
Q

The Diaphragm separates the thorax and the abdomen, what goes through the diaphragm?

A

IVC: 8th Vertebrae

Esophagus: 10th Vertebrae

Aorta: 12th Vertebrae

“I Ate 10 Eggs At 12”

45
Q

Where can you drain access fluids from?

A

recesses

46
Q

extends inferiorly to the lung and into narrow spaces around the lung forming recesses. (i.e. costodiaphragmatic, costomedialstinal)

A

The pleura

47
Q
A

Posterior view showing lungs and pleura

48
Q

How many lobes does the right lung have?

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

Right Lung –> 3 Lobes

Superior

Middle

Inferior

Left Lung –> 2 Lobes

Superior

Inferior

49
Q

The is kind of the remnant of the “3rd Lobe” of the left lung

A

lingula

50
Q

What level does the IVC go through at the diaphragm?

T6

T8

T10

T12

A

T8

51
Q

What runs between the pleura and the pericardium?

A

the phrenic nerve (C3-5)

C3 C4 C5 keeps you alive

52
Q

The phrenic nerve supplies innervation to what structure?

A

Diaphragm

53
Q

In the right lung, where vessels and bronchi enter and exit lung

A

Hilus area

54
Q

Pulmonary ligament

A

Folding of parietal and visceral pleura

55
Q

How many fissures do you have on the right lung?

How many fissures do you have on the left lung?

A

Two

  1. Horizontal fissure
    - separates superior from middle
  2. Oblique Fissure
    - separates superior and Inferior

One

  1. Oblique fissure
    - separates superior and Inferior
56
Q

What are the impressions of the right lung?

A

Brachiocephalic Vein

Trachea

Arch of Azygos

Esophagus

57
Q

The trachea is to the Esophagus

A

ANTERIOR

58
Q

What are the impressions of the left lung?

A

Subclavian Artery

Aorta

Cardiac Notch

Lingula (In superior lobe)

59
Q

What does the Hilus of the left lung contain?

A

Pulmonary Arteries

(Deoxygenated blood to the lungs)

Pulmonary Veins

(Oxygenated blood from the lungs)

Bronchus

Bronchial Artery

60
Q

What are Bronchopulmonary Segments?

A

Where bronchi split

(along with the artery accompanying it)

and supply a specific area of the lung

anterior view

61
Q

Which impression is on the LEFT lung?

A. Subclavian Artery

B. Brachiocephalic Vein

C. Trachea

D. Arch of Azygos

E. Esophagus

A

A. Subclavian Artery

62
Q

The bronchial tree splits into a right and left

A

Right:

3 Secondary Bronchi

Left:

2 Secondary Bronchi

Trachea –> Primary –> Secondary –> Tertiary

63
Q

Identify the structure

A

Principal Bronchi

64
Q

Identify the structure

A

Hilum

65
Q

Identify the structure

A

Inferior Lobe

Right Lung

66
Q

Identify the structure

A

Superior Lobe

Right Lung

67
Q

Identify the structure

A

Middle Lobe

Right Lung

68
Q

Identify the structure

A

Superior Lobe

Left lung

69
Q

Identify the structure

A

Inferior Lobe

Left lung

70
Q

Lungs

A
71
Q

Identify the structure

A

Right Pulmonary Artery

72
Q

Identify the structure

A

Left Pulmonary Artery

73
Q

Identify the structure

A

Left Pulmonary Veins

74
Q

Identify the structure

A

Right Pulmonary Veins

75
Q

Which answer matches the image correctly?

Inferior Lobe…Left Lung

Middle Lobe…Right Lung

Superior Lobe…Left Lung

Inferior Lobe…Right Lung

A

Inferior Lobe - Right Lung

Anatomy - Block 2 (8 decks)

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