L1-Physical processes-Tides,winds,light

Question 1

What are pros of living in water?

Answer 1

more viscous therefore can float less need for structural support against
desiccation not a problem
less work on ion channels

Question 2

What are cons of living in water?

Answer 2

water is powerful- water movements can be equivalent of hurricane force winds
diffusion is much slower e.g algae need to worry about CO2

Question 3

When do big tides occur?

Answer 3

when gravity of the moon and sun align

Question 4

What is effect of tides?

Answer 4

creates diversity of organism found in intertidal zones

Question 5

What are the different tides?

Answer 5

mixed ( 2 high and 2 low tides of unequal heights per 24 h)

semi-diurnal ( 2 ~equal high tides and 2 ~ equal low tides every 24 h)
diurnal (1 Low and 1 high tides per 24 h)

Question 6

How far does light penetrate?

Answer 6

photic zone ~ 200-250m

Question 7

What moves oceans around?

Answer 7

The prevailing winds

Question 8

What is thermocline circulation?

Answer 8

Bulk transfer of water around and between ocean masses occurs, very slowly, as a consequence of interactions between deep and shallow currents.

Question 9

What are characteristics of deep water?

Answer 9

denser
saliter
colder

Question 10

Why is upwelling important?

Answer 10

brings nutrients, generated at depth over long periods of time, to the surface

Question 11

What wavelength passes the worst through water?

Answer 11

red

Question 12

What wavelength passes the best through water?

Answer 12

blue

Question 13

Where is the lowest light can be used for photosynthesis?

Answer 13

400m
most things only 250m

Question 14

How much of lights energy gets to 100m?

Answer 14

1%

Question 15

What is the photosynthetically active light range what does this mean for algae?

Answer 15

blue-red
red algae deep water
green algae shallow water

Question 16

How can biogeographical regions be defined?

Answer 16

Temperature
polar
cold temperate
warm temperate
tropical

Question 17

What drives temperature?

Answer 17

latitude primarily
ocean currents secondarily

Question 18

What is different about temperature regulation between ocean and terrestrial?

Answer 18

terrestrial can vary their temp more easily by eg.going in an out of shade-wider temp ranges
aquatic are stuck at water temp

Question 19

When is most productivity?why?

Answer 19

spring and autumn
lots of light
still sufficient mixing to get nutrients

Question 20

What is different about intertidal zone?

Answer 20

can regulate temp better
but also have to cope with massive temp changes

Question 21

What can stratification lead to?

Answer 21

Stratification of a water column can lead to nutrient depletion

Question 22

When is mixing best and worst?

Answer 22

winter-best
summer-worst

Question 23

describe oxygen variation with depth?

Answer 23