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Systemic Pathology (Spring 2015) > L1: Digestive System Path: Oral Cavity/Esophagus (Castleman) > Flashcards

L1: Digestive System Path: Oral Cavity/Esophagus (Castleman) Flashcards

1
Q

cleft palate

A

developmental abnormalities due to delayed development and fusion of the lateral palatine arches

  • genetic or toxic etiology (ie. plants, steroids)
  • common complication = aspiration pneumonia
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2
Q

brachygnathia

A

abnormal shortness of mandible. May be caused by genetics, Ca def., chondrodysplasia.
-malocclusion, tooth growth/wear abnormalities common

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3
Q

Prognathia

A

protrusion of mandible.May be caused by genetics, Ca def., chondrodysplasia.
-malocclusion, tooth growth/wear abnormalities common

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4
Q

Developmental diseases of oral cavity

A
  • cleft palate
  • prognathism
  • Brachygnathism
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5
Q

types of inflammatory lesions of oral cavity/esophagus

A
  • vesicular
  • erosive/ulcerative
  • proliferative
  • necrotizing
  • pseudomembranous, granulomatous
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6
Q

causes of vesicular stomatitis/esophagitis

A 
viral (usual)
thermal, toxic (rare)
Ex: FMD
-causes dissociation of epithelial cells and accumulation of fluid
-short lived vesicular lesions
-progresses rapidly to erosions/ulcers
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7
Q

causes of erosive/ulcerative stomatitis

A
  • viral (ie. BVD, feline herpesvirus)
  • toxic (ie. phenybutazone)
  • uremia (chronic renal disease)
  • immune mediated disease
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8
Q

causes of PROLIFERATIVE stomatitis/esophagitis

A

parapox virus:

  • calves: bovine papular stomatitis
  • sheep, goat: contagious ecthyma
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9
Q

papular stomatitis occurs in what type of epithelium

A

stratified squamous non-keratinized

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10
Q

causes of NECROTIZING stomatitis

A

bacterial (ie. 2ary to trauma)

infarctive

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11
Q

oral necrobacillosis

A

Fusobacterium necrophorum

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12
Q

Wooden Tongue

A

-induces classec necrotizing lesion on tongue (can also affect pharynx, etc.)

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13
Q

cause of foot and mouth disease and species affected

A

picronavirus, (ruminants, pigs)

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14
Q

cause of vesicular stomatitis and species affected

A

rhabdovirus (ruminants, pigs, horses)

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15
Q

cause of vesicular exanthema and species affected

A

calicivirus (pigs)

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16
Q

cause of swine vesicular disease and species affected

A

enterovirus (pigs)

17
Q

Q: Vesicular oral lesions can be induced by all of the following except:***

A 
A) FMD virus
B) Thermal injury
C) vesicular stomatitis virus
D) swine vesicular disease virus
E) bovine papular stomatitis virus <--------
18
Q

Q: Ulcerative oral lesions can be induced by:***

A 
A) chronic uremia
B) calicivirus
C) BVD virus
D) FMD virus
E) All of the above <----------
19
Q

neoplastic diseases of dog (and cats) in oral cavity

A
  • periodontal fibromatous epulis (composed of clusters of basal cells within fibroblasts)
  • acanthomatous ameloblastoma
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • melanoma
  • fibrosarcoma
20
Q

histo features of periodontal fibromatous epulis

A
  • mesenchymal spindle to stellate cells
  • odontogenic epithelium
  • variable matrix with chars. of bone, dentin, or cementum
21
Q

behavior of periodontal fibromatous epulis

A
  • expansile and non-invasive, excision usually curative

- onset mean 8.5 yrs

22
Q

Chars. of acanthomatous ameloblastoma in dogs

A
  • epithelial component invades into local tissue and is destructive to maxilla or mandible
  • do NOT met, but are aggressive/invasive
  • mean 8.8yo
  • can occur anywhere on gingiva
  • histo: interconnecting, invasive sheets of odontogenic epithelium
23
Q

chars. of squamous cell carcinoma in DOGS

A
  • mean 8yo
  • location: tonsil, gingiva, lip, tongue, palate, pharynx
  • nodular, firm, +/- ulceration grossly
  • worst if tonsilar
24
Q

behavior of untreated squamous cell carcinoma in DOGS

A
  • metastasis to regional nodes early (98%) with frequent more distant mets (63%)
  • locally invasive, lower percentage 5-10% metastasize
25
Q

chars. of squamous cell carcinoma in CATS

A
  • most common oral tumor in the cat
  • median 12yo
  • tongue and gingiva most common
  • similar gross appearance as in dogs
26
Q

behavior of untreated squamous cell carcinoma in CATS

A
  • locally invasive and mass producing; destructive to bone

- 15% met to local LN

27
Q

chars. of malignant melanoma in DOGS

A
  • mean 11yo
  • location: gingiva and lips
  • melanin usually present (amelanotic ones most aggressive)
  • can be proliferative or ulcerative
28
Q

behavior of malignant melanoma if DOGS if untreated

A

70% met to regional LN and 67% to distant sites

29
Q

chars. of fibrosarcoma in DOGS

A
  • mean 7.2yo
  • location: gingiva, palates, lip, tongue
  • histo: mixture of collagen and spindle cells
30
Q

behavior of fibrosarcoma in dogs if untreated

A
  • local infiltration and tissue destruction

- 20% met to local LN and 10-20% to lungs

31
Q 
Q: Which of the following oral neoplasms in dogs has the greatest probability of met?
A) tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma
B) periodontal fibromatous epulis
C) acanthomatous ameloblastoma
D) squamous papilloma
E) leiomyoma
A

A) tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma

32
Q 
Q: the most likely cause is trauma and infection by?
A) Candida albicans
B) Bovine papular stomatitis virus
C) Fusobacterium necrophorum
D) Foot and mouth disease virus
E) Arcanobacterium pyogenes
A

C) Fusobacterium necrophorum

33
Q 
Q: Which of the following oral neoplasma in dogs has the least probability of metastasis?
A) melanoma
B) periodontal fibromatous epulis
C) acanthomatous ameloblastoma
D) fibrosarcoma
E) leiomyomasarcoma
A

B) periodontal fibromatous epulis

34
Q

types of path in the esophagus

A
  • inflammatory dz (ie. reflux esophagitis)
  • megaesophagus
  • impaction/obstruction
  • neoplasia
35
Q

megaesophagus

A

dilation of the esophagus due to insufficient, absent, or uncoordinated peristalsis

36
Q

megaesophagus assoc. in dogs with:

A
  • persistent R 4th aortic arch
  • idiopathic denervation or neuropathy
  • polymyositis
  • myasthenia gravis
  • hypothyroidism
  • Trypanosoma cruzi
37
Q

3 types of esophageal neoplasms

A
  • papilloma (most common in cattle; can be caused by squamous proliferations or BPV)
  • leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma
  • squamous cell carcinoma

Systemic Pathology (Spring 2015) (10 decks)

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