L1 Flashcards
Levels of org in the body:
- cellular
- tissue
- organ
- system
- organism
chemical
Levels of org in the body:
- chemical
- tissue
- organ
- system
- organism
cellular
Levels of org in the body:
- chemical
- cellular
- organ
- system
- organism
tissue
Levels of org in the body:
- chemical
- cellular
- tissue
- system
- organism
organ
Levels of org in the body:
- chemical
- cellular
- tissue
- organ
- organism
system
Levels of org in the body: 1. chemical 2. cellular 3. tissue 4. organ 5. system 6.
organism
Life begins at the…
chemical level
There are … of cells in the body
billions
There are _ different types of cells in the human body, composing 4 classes.
200+
The four different types of cell/classes in the human body are: _ muscle epithelial connective
neurons
There are 200+ different types of cells in the human body, composing _ classes.
4
There are 200+ different types of _ in the human body, composing 4 classes.
cells
The four different types of cell/classes in the human body are: neurons
_
epithelial
connective
MUSCLE
The four different types of cell/classes in the human body are: neurons
muscle
_
connective
epithelial
The four different types of cell/classes in the human body are: neurons
muscle
epithelial
_
connective
Different types of cells are also known as…
classes
When similar cells come together to form a specific function, they become…
tissues
The four main cellular types become the four main…
tissue types
The organ level requires 2+ different types of _ to come together to form a specific function.
tissues
The organ level requires _ different types of tissues to come together to form a specific function.
2+
The stomach is made of _, smooth muscle, and connective tissues.
epithelial
The stomach is made of epithelial, _, and connective tissues.
smooth muscle
The stomach is made of epithelial, smooth muscle, and _ tissues.
connective
A system is composed of several _ that work together to perform a certain function.
organs
What creates the homeostasis effect in the human body is the building effect of _ on systems that support the function of the organism.
organs
What creates the homeostasis effect in the human body is the building effect of organs on _ that support the function of the organism.
systems
The digestive system’s main goal is to…
provide the body with nutrients.
Mastication is the…
breaking down of food in your mouth towards your stomach.
The breaking down of food into digestive enzymes is the role of the…
stomach
Once food is broken down into enzymes in the stomach, they travel to the _ and _.
small and large intestines
The food and food products following the stomach are facilitated by the _, pancreas, and gallbladder.
liver
The food and food products following the stomach are facilitated by the liver,_, and gallbladder.
pancreas
The food and food products following the stomach are facilitated by the liver, pancreas, and _.
gallbladder
The six life processes are: _ responsiveness movement growth differentiation reproduction
metabolism
_ _ are functions that distinguish living entities from non-living entities.
Life processes
The six life processes are: metabolism _ movement growth differentiation reproduction
responsiveness
The six life processes are: metabolism responsiveness _ growth differentiation reproduction
movement
The six life processes are: metabolism responsiveness movement _ differentiation reproduction
growth
The six life processes are: metabolism responsiveness movement growth _ reproduction
differentiation
The six life processes are: metabolism responsiveness movement growth differentiation _
reproduction
_ is the sum of all chemical reactions in the cells of the body.
Metabolism
Metabolism can be broken into two processes:
catabolism
_
anabolism
Metabolism can be broken into two processes:
catabolism
_
anabolism
When you break down complex substances, you liberate _
energy
When you build complex substances from simple substances you _ energy
utilize
The breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components is …
catabolism
The formation of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components is
anabolism
When you breakdown substances from more complex into more simple, you _ energy.
liberate
The energy liberated (in anabolism) is in the form of…
ATP - adenosine triphosphate
ATP is short for…
adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate a the product of a process known as…
anabolism
Responsiveness is a type of _ mechanism, to ensure homeostasis.
protective
_ is a type of protective mechanism, to ensure homeostasis.
Responsiveness
Motion is a life process that occurs in the whole body, individual organs, and single cells only.
No, it includes even tiny structures inside cells
Movement of the body is often related to other _.
movement
An increase in body size results from an increase in size of existing cells only.
No, it includes the increase in size of existing cells, an increase int he number of cells, or both
An increase of size in the bones is indicative of increase in cell _
number
An increase of size in the lungs is indicative of increase in cell _
size
An example of rapid cell growth is…
cancer
What is development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state?
differentiation
Each type of cell in he body has a specialized _ and _ that differs from that of its precursor cells
structure and function
Each type of cell in he body has a specialized structure and function that differs from that of its precursor _
cells
Precursor cells that undergo differentiation are known as _ cells
stem
Precursor cells that undergo _ are known as stem cells
DIFFERENTIATION
_ cells that undergo differentiation are known as stem cells
Precursor
Life processes that are the formation of new cells for growth, repair or replacement, or the production of a new individual, is…
reproduction
the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body’s internal environment, despite changes to the external environment.
homeostasis
Homeostasis is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body’s _environment, despite changes to the external environment.
internal
Homeostasis is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body’s internal environment, despite changes to the _ environment.
external
Homeostasis is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body’s internal environment, despite _ to the external environment.
changes
Homeostasis is maintained by the processes that _and regulate the body.
control
Homeostasis is maintained by the processes that control and _ the body.
regulate
T/F: Homeostasis is static.
No! It’s dynamic
_ can be regulated at the following levels: chemical cellular tissue organ system organism
homeostasis
The body is divided into _
compartments
The body’s functional compartments contain _, separated by membranes
fluids
The body’s functional compartments contain fluids, separated by _
membranes
Humans are composed of 40% _, and 60% fluids
solids
Humans are composed of 40% solids, and 60% _
fluids
Of the fluid i our bodies, _ are within cells bounded by membranes
2/3
_ _ are the processes by which the body releases fluids into the external environment
fluid shifts
The third of the fluid in one’s body is _ fluid
extracellular (ECF)
2/3 of the fluid in the body is composed of
intracellular (ICF)
Of the fluid that bathes the cells (_fluid), 75% of it is interstitial fluid, and 25% is plasma
extracellular
Of the fluid that bathes the cells (extracellular fluid), _% of it is interstitial fluid, and _% is plasma
75; 25
Of the fluid that bathes the cells (extracellular fluid), 75% of it is _, and 25% is plasma
interstitial fluid
Of the fluid that bathes the cells (extracellular fluid), 75% of it is interstitial fluid, and 25% is _
plasma
_ is the fluid compartment of the blood, i.e., the fluid outside the red blood cell.
Plasma is the fluid compartment of the blood, i.e., the fluid outside the red blood cell.
Between the red blood cells is the _ fluid, and what is inside the red blood cells are intracellular fluid
interstitial
Plasma is the fluid compartment of the blood, i.e., the fluid _ the red blood cell.
outside
Between the red blood cells is the interstitial fluid, and what is inside the red blood cells are _fluid
intracellular fluid
Homeostasis is the exchange between internal and external environments, for which they are isolated from each other.
No, homeostasis can involved processes that cross the divided between the internal and external environment, such as oxygen from the air
An _ cell is an example of a/n epithelial cell
endothelial
An endothelial cell is an example of a/n _cell
epithelial
Oxygen needs to cross the _ cell member, move into the interstitial fluid, and cross the cell membrane to get into the cell
endothelial
Oxygen needs to cross the endothelial cell member, move into the _ fluid, and cross the cell membrane to get into the cell
interstitial
To get blood to the surface effective (e.g., to cool off), it is best for the cardiovascular system to…
increase the heart rate to move it more quickly
To cool off, your respiratory system would…
increase
To cool off, your integumentary system would…
start sweating, causing dehydration
To cool off, you lose water, causing your brain to…
seek water to cool off an d rehydrate, and your muscle activity decreases
The respiratory system serves to…
exchange gases throughout the body
When in doubt in the quiz, refer to…
homeostasis
