L1

Question 1

Speech communication consists of a chain of events linking the speaker’s brain to the listener’s brain

Answer 1

Speech chain

Question 2

What are the three main/important parts of the speech chain?

Answer 2

1. Sender
2. Medium
3. Receiver

Question 3

What are the five levels in the speech chain?

Answer 3

Linguistic -> Physiological -> Acoustic -> Physiological -> Linguistic

Question 4

Arrange these steps that happen at the _________ level of the _______:
A. Selecting words, phrases, and sentences in accordance with grammatical rules.
B. Beginning of the transmission of a message.
C. Planning message delivery in a pragmatically appropriate way.
D. Arranging thoughts, deciding what to say, putting what to say in linguistic form.

Answer 4

linguistic; speaker;

1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C

Question 5

These steps happen at the _________ level of the _________:

1. Activation of the speech systems, specifically “muscles” in the form of impulses along the motor nerves.
2. Involving lungs, vocal folds, tongue, lips, teeth, to name a few.

Answer 5

physiological; speaker

Question 6

These steps happen at the __________ level of the ________:

1. Pressure changes in the air due to the movements of speech systems.
2. Called sound waves or acoustic waves.

Answer 6

acoustic; medium

Question 7

These steps happen at the ___________ level of the _________:

1. Hearing mechanism activated.
2. Nerve impulses travel along the listener’s auditory nerves.

Answer 7

physiological; listener

Question 8

These steps happen at the __________ level of the __________:

1. Recognition of the speaker’s messages.
2. Activities in the listener’s brain modified by the nerve impulses.

Answer 8

linguistic; listener

Question 9

What are the 3 major areas of speech science?

Answer 9

1. speech production
2. speech acoustics
3. speech perception

Question 10

The area of speech production can be broken into what three systems?

Answer 10

1. respiratory system
2. phonatory system
3. resonatory/articulatory system

Question 11

Speech scientists are interested in a ______ base of human ______________ and draw on a number of different __________. (examples include…(3))

Answer 11

broad; communication; disciplines; engineering, statistics, and medical fields

Question 12

What are the four points of the anatomical position?

Answer 12

1. body erect
2. arms at rest
3. palms facing forward
4. thumbs out

Question 13

What are the three planes?

Answer 13

1. sagittal
2. frontal/coronal
3. transverse/horizontal

Question 14

How is a transverse plane different than a horizontal plane?

Answer 14

transverse is always perpendicular to the long axis of a structure, horizontal runs along the horizon no matter what the angle of the structure is

Question 15

Define parasagittal:

Answer 15

not exactly midline, but parallel to the sagittal plane

Question 16

Define anterior - posterior:

Answer 16

toward the front - toward the back

Question 17

The belly button is (anterior/posterior) to the vertebral column.

Answer 17

anterior

Question 18

Define ventral - dorsal:

Answer 18

toward the belly - toward the back

Question 19

Define superior - inferior:

Answer 19

towards the head - towards the tail

Question 20

The bridge of the nose is (superior/inferior) to the tip of the nose.

Answer 20

superior

Question 21

Define medial - lateral:

Answer 21

towards the midline - away from the midline

Question 22

The thumbs are (medial/lateral) to the pinky fingers

Answer 22

lateral

Question 23

Define proximal - distal:

Answer 23

toward the body - away from the body

Question 24

The wrist is (proximal/distal) to the fingers.

Answer 24

proximal

Question 25

Peripheral and central are used to describe the:

Answer 25

nervous system

Question 26

Define superficial - deep:

Answer 26

towards the surface - away from the surface

Question 27

The bone is (superficial/deep) to the skin.

Answer 27

deep

Question 28

Define adduction - abduction:

Answer 28

closing toward the midline - opening away from the midline

Question 29

Define flexion - extension:

Answer 29

curl inward - curl outward

Question 30

Define hyper - hypo

Answer 30

too much - too little

Question 31

Define anatomy:

Answer 31

the study of the structure of organaisms or their parts

Question 32

What are 5 major specialties of anatomy?

Answer 32

1. systemic anatomy
2. regional anatomy
3. applied anatomy
4. developmental anatomy
5. comparative anatomy

Question 33

Define physiology:

Answer 33

the study of the funciton of organisms or their parts

Question 34

What are 4 major specialities of physiology?

Answer 34

1. general physiology
2. applied physiology
3. cellular physiology
4. pathologial physiology

Question 35

What are the 2 major categories of anatomic investigation?

Answer 35

1. Gross anatomy

2. Microanatomy

Question 36

Define gross anatomy:

Answer 36

unaided, macroanatomy, primarily via dissection

Question 37

Define microantomy:

Answer 37

light or electron microscopy, more common in hearing science