L1 Flashcards

1
Q

is a state of complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.

A

HEALTH

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2
Q

the concept recognizes the strength of social, economic, and environmental influences on health

A

HOLISTIC CONCEPT OF HEALTH

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3
Q

DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

A
  1. The social and economic environment.
  2. The Physical environment.
  3. Social support networks
  4. The person’s individual characteristics and
    behaviors. (Geneics, Gender)
  5. Health service
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4
Q

The social and economic environment:

A

1- Income and social status

2- Educaion

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5
Q

higher income and social status are linked to better health. The greater the gap between the richest and poorest people, the greater the differences in health.

A

Income and social status

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6
Q

low education levels are linked with poor health, more stress, and lower self- conidence.

A

Education

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7
Q

safe water and clean air, healthy workplaces, and safe houses, all contribute to good health.

A

Physical environment

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8
Q

greater support from families, friends, and communities is linked to better health. Culture - customs and traditions, and the beliefs of the family and community all affect health.

A

Social support networks

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9
Q

The person’s individual characteristics and behaviors

1-………
2-………

A

1.Genetics

2.Gender

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10
Q

inheritance plays a part in determining lifespan, healthiness, and the likelihood of developing certain illnesses. Personal behavior and coping skills – balanced eating, keeping active, smoking, drinking, and how we deal with life’s stresses and challenges all affect health.

A

Genetics

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11
Q

Men and women suffer from different types of diseases at different ages.

A

Gender

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12
Q

access and use of services that prevent and treat disease influences health

A

Health services

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13
Q

Environmental health is the science and practice of preventing human injury and illness and promoting well-being by:

1/idenifying and evaluating environmental sources and hazardous agents

• 2/ limiting exposures to hazardous physical, chemical, and biological agents in air, water, soil, food, and other environmental media or settings
that may adversely affect human health.

A

practice Definition of Environmental Health

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14
Q

Components of Environment:

A

• A. Physical [energy of one form or another]
• B. Chemical[mater i.e. substances whether natural or man-made].
• C. Biological [living things].

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15
Q

the energy of one form or another:

A

Physical Component of Environment

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16
Q

Can present themselves to us in various media e.g. air, and water. climate, occupational hazards, hazards associated with food, and Health effects from economic and social consequences of environmental change.

A

Hazards

17
Q

availability, quality in terms of microbiological pollution and handling.

what type of environmental services?

A

Water supply

18
Q

wall, covered floor, ventilation and lightness.

what type of environmental services?

A

Building construction

19
Q

toilet facilities, and hand washing facilities.

what type of environmental services?

A

Liquid waste disposal

20
Q

Garbage, trash disposal and clean lines campaigns.

what type of environmental services?

A

Solid waste disposal

21
Q

food handling, premises health, quality, and types of foods provide in schools and food vendors.

what type of environmental services?

A

Food hygiene and safety

22
Q

Water supply

Liquid waste disposal

Building Construction

Solid waste disposal

Food hygiene and safety

Air quality management

Vector control

Environmental health education

A

Environmental health services
عددهم ٨

23
Q

Environmental health services:

كم عددهم؟

A

عددهم: 8

Water supply

Liquid waste disposal

Building construction

Solid waste disposal

Food hygiene and safety

Air quality management

Vector control

Environmental health education

24
Q

(…………………………)

Refer to the components that are necessary to produce a healthy environment and to develop and support safe hygiene behavior

A

Environmental health services

25
Q

1- Safe and adequate water supply available at all time
2-Safe and wholesome water specifications:
• Free from pathogenic agents
• Free from harmful chemical substances
• Pleasant to taste, i.e. free from color and order,
• Useable for domesic propose

what type of environmental services?

A

Water supply

26
Q

Safe and wholesome water specifications:

A

• Free from pathogenic agents
• Free from harmful chemical substances
• Pleasant to taste, i.e. free from color and order,
• Useable for domestic propose

27
Q

2.Waste disposal :-

Solid waste disposal :
The waste and refuse should be removed from the house daily &disposed of in a sanitary manner. Classification to;
(…………..)
(……………)

A

• Hazardous

• Non hazardous

28
Q

Air quality management

(Indoor pollution):
تلوث داخل المبنى

A

Smoking ,coal and wood combusion

control: by natural ventilation

29
Q

Air quality management

Out door polluion:
تلوث خارج المبنى

A

vehicles, factories, etc

مركبات ومصانع والخ

30
Q

4.Food hygiene and safety

According to centers for Disease Control (CDC), the following factors contribute to mainly to foodborne illness:

A

• 63% Inadequate Cooling and Cold Holding Temperatures
• 29% Preparing Food Ahead of Planned Service
• 27% Inadequate Hot Holding Temperatures
• 26% Poor Personal Hygiene/Infected Persons

31
Q

5.Vectors of diseases

(……………) are illnesses that are
transmited by vectors

A

Vector-borne diseases

32
Q

mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. These vectors can carry infective pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, which can be transferred from one host (carrier) to another.

A

True

33
Q

living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans.

A

Vectors

34
Q

Many of these vectors are bloodsucking insects, which ingest disease-producing microorganisms during a blood meal from an infected host (human or animal) and later inject it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.

A

True

35
Q

Example of Vectors:

A

(Mosquitoes)
• Aedes
– Dengue fever
– Rift Valley fever
– Yellow fever
– Zika
• Anopheles
– Malaria
• Culex
– Japanese encephalitis
– Lymphaic ilariasis
– West Nile fever

(Sandflies)
• Leishmaniasis
• Sandly fever

(Ticks)
• Relapsing fever

36
Q

استغفرالله

A

‏اللهم صلي وسلم على نبينا محمد