Distinguish between hazards and risks Flashcards
Anything or condition with the potential to cause harm
DEFINITIONS OF HAZARDS
The potential of a substance, person, activity or process to cause harm (injury or illness)
HAZARDS
Anything (material/substance, machine, methods or matters) in the workplace thathas the potential to cause harm
HAZARDS
CATEGORIES OF HAZARD
– anything or condition that can cause physical injury
Safety
CATEGORIES OF HAZARD
– any infective agent, substance situation or condition that directly attacks the body tissues causing illness
Health
CATEGORIES OF HAZARD
– any pollution, waste including noise in any form or quantity that impairs the quality of the working environment, such as dust, smoke, gases, radioactivity and odors
Environment
TWO MAIN CLASSES
-Natural hazard,
-man-made Hazard
(geological) a threat of a naturally occurring event that will have a negative efect on people or the environment. (food, wildfres, high winds, tsunami, heat waves, climate change.
-Natural hazard
(sociological) having an element of human intent, negligence, or error, or involving a failure of a human-made system. It results in huge loss of life and property. It further afects a person’s mental, physical and social well-being. (fre, food, crime, civil disorder, terrorism, war)
-man-made Hazard
OTHER CLASSES OF HAZARD
-Technology
-Behavioral
A hazard originating from technological or industrial conditions, including accidents, dangerous procedures, infrastructure failures or specifc human activities, that may cause loss of life, injury, illness or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage.
Structural collapse - Communication fallouts - Transportation Electrical fallouts. war (chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear), Industrial Pollution – Fires.
Technology
This is a reaction by a
person subjected to specifc conditions
of work and materials which result in
physical harm (health and injury). How
people behave at work can create
hazardous conditions.
Irresponsible behaviour (horseplay ,etc)
Using hazardous substances dangerously and
carelessly
Behavioral
Specifcc of hazardc
Phycical
Mechanical
Chemical
Biological
Psychological
doors, stairs, fre, manual handling,
noise, vibration, temperature, radiation, lighting, air quality.
Phycical
electricity, equipment, pressure
vessels, cranes
Mechanical
chemical substances, liquids,
cleaning agents, dust and fumes from
processes, acids, poisons, dangerous substances
Chemical
bacteria, viruses, pathogens,
insects, fungi, animals.
Biological
workplace stressors.
Pcychological
All aspects of the workplace should be covered by a general risk assessment process that will reveal the signifcant hazards present and the control measures in place
MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDS
“The likelihood of a substance, person, activity or process to cause harm (injury or illness)”
Risk
likelihood
ايش يعني
قابلية
Rick can be reduced, hazards are controlled by good management.
True
the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health efect if exposed to a hazard.
Risk
HAZARD REDUCTION STEPS
- IDENTIFICATION
Look for the hazard - ASSESSMENT and EVALUATION
Decide who might be harmed, how and to what extent - CONTROLS
Decide whether the exicting precautionc are adequate or more chould be done - MONITORING and REVIEWING
Periodic checking for continuouc improvement
employees, unsafe acts, unsafe conditions, , stake holders, , discussions, interviews, inspections, accident/incident reports, investigations, quality control.
1- IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS
Information Sourcec
الموظفون، والأفعال غير الآمنة، والظروف غير الآمنة، وأصحاب المصلحة، والمناقشات، والمقابلات، وعمليات التفتيش، وتقارير الحوادث/الحوادث، والتحقيقات، ومراقبة الجودة.
Once identifed, determine how harmful the hazard can be;
The likelihood to cause harm
Under what conditions it can occur?
What type of harm can occur?
Who or how many workers can be harmed?
What may be the extent of the harm or injury?
Is there a history of problem, accidents or dangerous occurrence from the hazard?
What monitoring is needed to evaluate the risk?
2- ASSESS AND EVALUATE THE HAZARDS
“concider itc ceverity(concequencec) probability and expocure”
Accident/Incident reporting procedures
Efective safety policy
Develop rules, standards and safe systems of work
Performance measurement
Training and education
Good communication
Use of job safety analysis
maintenance
Monitor performance and follow-up short comings
Quality assurance and safety
3- ADMINISTRATIVE (CONTROLS)
“Removing the worker from the hazard”
Controls must be reviewed periodically
Monitor and review when condition changes;
New machinery
Change in process
New hazards
New information
Change in legislation
Change in workforce
4-MONITORING AND REVIEWING
Chemical and biological hazards can be transported into the human body by various agents, pathogens, and other forms, through the four main routes of entry;
- Inhalation – taken into the body through the lungs
- Abcorption - taken into the body through the skin
- Ingection - taken into the body orally
- Injection (direct entry) - taken into the body through broken skin
taken into the body through the lungs
Inhalation
taken into the body through the skin
Abcorption
taken into the body orally
Ingection
- taken into the body through broken skin
Injection
The most common route of entry is
Inhalation
Hazards that cause immediate harm such as an injury from an accident are termed:
acute
hazards where the harm is not experienced immediately due to prolong exposure to the health hazards.
chronic
Look for the hazard
IDENTIFICATION
Decide who might be harmed, how and to what extent
ASSESSMENT and EVALUATION
Decide whether the existing precautions are adequate or more should be done
. CONTROLS
Periodic checking for continuous improvement
MONITORING and REVIEWING Periodic checking for continuouc improvement
