L

Question 1

Lagging strand

Answer 1

The strand that is synthesized apparently in the 3’ to 5’ direction, by ligating short fragments synthesized individually in the 5’ to the 3’ direction

Question 2

Larynx

Answer 2

A tube-shaped organ in the neck that contains the vocal cords and allows the passages of air into the lungs

Question 3

Law of independent assortment

Answer 3

Genes located on different chromosomes are sorted independently of each other, while the closer the genes are on the chromosome, the more likely they will remain together

Question 4

Law of segregation

Answer 4

The theory that alleles segregate independently of each other while forming gametes, i.e. a gamete is equally as likely to possess any allel

Question 5

Leading strand

Answer 5

The strand that is made in the 5’ to 3’ direction by continuous polymerization at the 3’ growing tip

Question 6

Leukocyte (WBC)

Answer 6

The cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders

Question 7

Lipase

Answer 7

An enzyme that the body uses to breakdown fats in food so they are can be absorbed in the intestines. Lipase is primarily produced in the pancreas but is also in the mouth and stomach

Question 8

Lipids

Answer 8

Includes fatty acids: triglycerols, phospholipids, glycolipids, steroids, and terpenes

Question 9

Lipoproteins

Answer 9

Proteins that transport lipids in the blood since lipids are insoluble; contain a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins

Question 10

Loop of Henle

Answer 10

A long, U-shaped portion of the tubule that functions to aid the recovery of water and sodium chloride from the urine. This allows production of urine that is far more concentrated than blood, limiting the amount of water needed as intakes for survival.

Question 11

Lymphatic system

Answer 11

A network of tissues and organs that serve to carry lymph fluid. It aids in the filtration of body fluid as well as maintenance of the immune system.

Question 12

Lysogenic cycle

Answer 12

One of two methods of viral reproduction characterized by integration of the bacteriophage nucleic acid into the host bacterium’s genome or formation of a circular replicon in the bacterium’s cytoplasm

Question 13

Lysosomes

Answer 13

A membrane-encoded organelle that contains an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers - proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids

Question 14

Lysozyme

Answer 14

A glycosidase enzyme which cleaves the polysaccharide component of cell walls in certain bacteria

Question 15

Lytic cycle

Answer 15

One of the two cycles of viral reproduction. The lytic cycle results in the destruction of the infected cell and its membrane