L: 32 Synthesis

Question 1

What intermediate molecules from glycolysis are used to synthesize AA

Answer 1

3-phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate

Question 2

What molecule from TCA cycle synthesize AA

Answer 2

alpha-ketoglutarate and oxaloacetate

Question 3

what molecule from pentose pathway synthesize AA

Answer 3

ribose-5-phosphate and erythrose-5-phosphate

Question 4

Nonessential AA

Answer 4

Alanine, Asparagine, Aspartic Acid, Cysteine, Glutamic Acid, Glutamine, Glycine, Proline, Serine, Tyrosine

Question 5

essential AA tend to be_____ synthesis

Answer 5

Secondary

Question 6

Glutamine maintains P2 in what form?

Answer 6

Inhibitor (-UMP)

Question 7

Adenylylation does what to Glutamine synthetase?

Answer 7

Inactivates

Question 8

Alpha-ketoglutarate and ATP maintain P2 in what form

Answer 8

Active (+UMP)

Question 9

3-phosphoglycerate—>3rxn to make?

Answer 9

Serine

Question 10

Serine—-> B6 and B12—–>to what?

Answer 10

Glycine

Question 11

Serine is converted to cysteine through?

Answer 11

Homocysteine intermediate

Question 12

Tyrosine is a catabolic intermediate of ?

Answer 12

Phenylalanine

Question 13

Histidine is synthesized from

Answer 13

Ribose-5-phosphate

Question 14

Tryptophan, Phenylalanine, and tyrosine synthesis begins by combining what?

Answer 14

Erythrose-4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate to make Chorismate`

Question 15

What are the branched AA valine, leucine, and isoleucine synthesized from?

Answer 15

Pyruvate

Question 16

What are the two central AA

Answer 16

Glycine and Serine

Question 17

What is the main source of dietary iron

Answer 17

Heme (a glycine derivative)

Question 18

Deficiencies in Heme synthesis

Answer 18

Porphyrias

Question 19

Non-liver enzyme deficiencies manifest as

Answer 19

light sensitivity and altered skin pigmentation

Question 20

Liver enzyme deficiencies usually show symptoms

Answer 20

pain and cardiac dysfunction

Question 21

Derived molecules of Glutamate

Answer 21

Glutathione
Polyamaines
GABA

Question 22

Argine derived molecules

Answer 22

NO

Creatine phosphate

Question 23

Methionine derivative

Answer 23

SAM

Question 24

Histidine derivative

Answer 24

Histamine- promotes HCL secretion, vasodilation, neurotransmission

Question 25

Tryptophan derivative

Answer 25

serotonin a precursor of melatonin

Question 26

Tyrosine derivative

Answer 26

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Dopamine

Question 27

Albinism is a deficiency in?

Answer 27

Tyrosinase

Question 28

What tyrosine derivative is processed to form melanin

Answer 28

Dopaquinone

Question 29

What is Adenylylation?

Answer 29

Addition of a AMP ribonucleotide

Question 30

What is Uridylylation?

Answer 30

Addition of UMP ribonucleotide

Question 31

Pyruvate/Alanine exchange by?

Answer 31

SGPT

Question 32

OAA/Aspartate exchange by?

Answer 32

SGOT

Question 33

Alpha-Ketoglutarate/Glutamate exchange by?

Answer 33

Glutamate deydrogenase

Question 34

Glutamine donates an NH3 to Aspartate to form what?

Answer 34

Asparagine

Question 35

Derivative of Glycine

Answer 35

Heme

Question 36

Derivative of Glutamate

Answer 36

Glutathione, Polyamines, GABA

Question 37

Derivative of Arginine

Answer 37

NO,Creatine Phosphate

Question 38

Derivative of Methionine

Answer 38

SAM

Question 39

Derivative of Histidine

Answer 39

Histamine

Question 40

Derivative of Tryptophan

Answer 40

Serotonin

Question 41

Derivative of Tyrosine

Answer 41

Epinephrine/norepinephrine, dopamine,melanins