Kutzer Final Questions

Question 1

Influx of what causes neural cells to be activated for membrane depolarization?

Answer 1

Calcium

Question 2

What is the relay center of the brain?

Answer 2

Thalamus
All info goes to thalamus and then goes through corpus callosum

The reticular formation facilitates the flow of sensory information from the thalamus to the cortex
When the reticular nuclei are quiet the thalamus does not transfer information to the cortex which facilitates the onset of sleep

Question 3

Which part of the brain influences the pituitary?

Answer 3

Hypothalamus

Connected with the limbic system/ part of the limbic system
Controls homeostatic body functions and internal environment of the body

It does this by:
influences the pituitary gland - which releases hormones
influences drive states such as thirst and hunger
influences activity of the Autonomic NS
involved in emotion

Question 4

Patient with a bipolar disease, and currently is in manic state, what would be observed?

Answer 4

Inflated Self Esteem

Others:
Elevated mood
Increased talking
Racing thoughts (flight of ideas)
Increased social or work activity and decreased need for sleep
Manic patients can become hostile and uncooperative
As the disease intensifies some patients experience psychotic symptoms such as delusions

Question 5

Which of the following is an SSRI?

Citalopram
Buproprion
Duloxetine
Trazadone

Answer 5

Citalopram

Question 6

Neurons of VTA contain which NT?

Answer 6

Dopamine

Question 7

Which antibiotic is a RNAse polymerase inhibitor?

Answer 7

Rifampin

Question 8

Patient with respiratory tract infection is non-compliant, which antibiotic do you give them?

Answer 8

Azithromycin because once a dose

Question 9

Which is the primary mechanism of how bacteria inactivate drugs?

Answer 9

Beta lactamases; bacterial enzymes

Question 10

What condition do bella donna drugs treat?

Answer 10

Sinus bradycardia given IV

Question 11

Patient is having difficulty breathing, and diagnosed with COPD. Which drug do you give this patient?

Answer 11

Ipratropium

Question 12

Which drug is a neuromuscular blocker depolarizing agent?

Answer 12

Succinylcholine

Question 13

Patient has hypertension, tumor, pheochromocytoma, which drug do you prescribe?

Answer 13

Phenoxybenzamine

Question 14

Which bronchodilator would you prescribe for an asthma patient?

Answer 14

Albuterol

Question 15

Which is a drug used as a beta blocker for glaucoma?

Answer 15

Timolol eye drops

Question 16

TSH is secreted by which part of the brain?

Answer 16

Anterior pituitary gland via the hypothalamus

Question 17

Which is a long acting insulin? 
Regular insulin
Lispro insulin
Glargine insulin
Glulisine insulin
Aspartate insulin

Answer 17

Glargine

Question 18

Which system regulates aldosterone?

Answer 18

Renin angiotensin system

Question 19

Alosia and aedonia are two negative symptoms caused by blockade of which pathway?

Answer 19

Mesocortical

Question 20

What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 20

Affect flattening (lack of emotional expression)
Alogia (delayed or slow responses)
Avolition (inactivity/loss of interest)
Anhedonia (inability to derive pleasure)

Question 21

Which NT is schizophrenia associated with?

Answer 21

Hyperactivity of Dopamine

Question 22

Increase in what can cause seasonal affective disorder?

Answer 22

Melatonin

Question 23

What is the definition of addiction?

Answer 23

Organism is engaging of reinforcing behavior and no longer has control

Question 24

What is heroine converted to in the brain?

Answer 24

Morphine and Codeine