Exam V: CNS I

Question 1

Region of cerebral cortex for decision making and problem solving

Answer 1

Frontal Lobe

Question 2

Inhibitory NT that controls anxiety

Answer 2

GABA

Question 3

Patient in hospital that is going to undergo a surgical procedure, so you order which benzodiazepine with fast onset and short duration?

Answer 3

Midazolam (Versed)

Question 4

Which drug is used for Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) overdose?

Answer 4

Flumazeneil (Romazicon) benzodiazepine antagonist

Question 5

Which is the one barbiturate that can be used for seizures?

Answer 5

Phenobarbital (Luminal) slow onset, long duration of action, seizure disorder

Amobarbital (Amytal), Pentobarbital (Nembutal), and Thiopental (Pentothal) = barbiturates used for sedation

Question 6

Patient has panic disorder with feeling of doom when entering an elevator, what do you prescribe?

Answer 6

Patients may feel sense of doom accompanied by sweating, tachycardia, tremor =may create immediate relief (alprazolam or clonazepam)

Patients may respond to benzodiazepines or antidepressants (SSRI) = for long term treatment fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline

Question 7

Which stage of sleep do you dream?

Answer 7

Stage 5/ REM Sleep

Question 8

Mechanism of action of benzodiazepines

Answer 8

Increase frequency of channel opening which leads to increase in Cl- ion conductance

Benzodiazepines (BDZs) bind to the gamma sub-unit of the GABA-A receptor. Their binding causes an allosteric (structural) modification of the receptor that results in an increase in GABA A receptor activity. BDZs do not substitute/compete for GABA, which bind at the alpha sub-unit, but increase the frequency of channel opening events which leads to an increase in chloride ion conductance and inhibition of the action potential

Question 9

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 9

An individual will not remember what happens from the time that the drug is administered to the time the drug effects dissipate
This is produced because they interfere with the formation of new memory they do not affect with the ability to recall past events

Question 10

Corpus callosum

Answer 10

The development of the corpus callosum, a bundle of axons which bridge and link the two hemispheres, would play a major role in the person’s ability to be a natural innovator

This would however have to be paired with a fairly balanced left-right brain. Right brain cognition would handle conceptualizing abstract thought patterns, then bridge and related them to logical patterns via left brain cognition