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developments in christian thought > knowledge of gods existence > Flashcards

knowledge of gods existence Flashcards

1
Q

faith

A

voluntary commitment to a belief without the need for complete evidence to support it

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2
Q

natural theology

A

drawing conclusions about the nature and activity of god by using reason and observing the world

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3
Q

protestantism

A

for of christianity which rejects authority of catholic church and places greater emphasis on bible and personal faith

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4
Q

revelation

A

uncovering aka when gods lets himself be known

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5
Q

immediate revelation

A

someone is given direct knowledge of god

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6
Q

mediate revelation

A

when someone gains knowledge of god in secondary non direct way

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7
Q

grace of god

A

gods unconditional and undeserved gifts

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8
Q

wisdom literature

A

genre of writing from ancient world teaching about wisdom and virtue

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9
Q

example of wisdom literature

A

proverbs and psalms

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10
Q

natural theology through reasoning about the natural world

A

gods revelation is present in his creation and the human mind is capable of finding this out
based on reason

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11
Q

natural theology through sensing god

A

used by those who are sceptical of using reason to gain knowledge

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12
Q

what does aquinas believe about reason

A

human reason has the ability to figure out lesser things about god but not gods infinite nature

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13
Q

lesser truths about god we can know

A

gods morality -natural law

gods existence -arguments

gods natural moral law

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14
Q

john paul 11 quote on faith and reason

A

reason and faith like two wings with human spirit rises to know truth

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15
Q

barths evaluation of aquinas

A

human to corrupted
cant rely on reason only faith to know god
reccomends revealed theology only

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16
Q

aquinas defense to barth criticism

A

origional sin didnt destroy good god gave us
ability of perfect rational control that made us sin
image of god

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17
Q

further barth criticism of aquinas

A

natural theology replace faith
revelation not needed
jesus sent by god

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18
Q

aquinas further defense

A

says not replacing faith
reason strengthen faith but not replace it

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19
Q

what does natural knowledge rely on

A

-humans having point of contact between us and god
-using reason to understand it and find ideas of god from it
-process enough to develop deep knowledge of god and relation with him formed

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20
Q

Catholic church and natural theology

A

-celebrate individual human reason to reflect and recognise gods existence alongside what god might reveal directly to humans

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21
Q

Calvin and sensus divinitas and semen religionis

A

-protestant- he believes there is a sense within humans gives human knowledge of god
-sensus divinitas- sense of divinity
-seed of religion- inbuilt absolute basics of religious beliefs and humans inclination to pray or engage in religious rituals

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21
Q

CCC quote on natural theology

A

-desire for god written on human hearts
-all humans made in gods image and have inbuilt capacity and desire to know god

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22
Q

Catholics and innate beauty

A

-truth, beauty, moral goodness, conscience- all make person ask questions and recognise spiritual soul
-seed of eternity in us origin of god
-conscience and ethics show humans can know and personally know god

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23
Q

calvin and conscience and the world

A

-calvin saw conscience as important contact point between us and god
-world like a theatre or mirror
-display of divine goodness- Psalm 5
-however fall made epistemistic distance

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24
Q

god can be known through reason alone arguments

A

-if god created humans then it makes sense he would provide tools for them to know him
-Cicero- universal consent argument- so many people believe in gods of different sorts that must be natural part of humans
-reason required to know god because all claims rely on faith cant be meaningful- cant be proven
-

25
Q

god cannot be known through reason alone arguments

A

-reason intellect and not all people are academic- not everyone can understand god through reason
-humans cant know god if gods ineffable- beyond human experience
-humans sinful from original sin- cannot know god through reason as tarnished

26
Q

revealed theology

A

-god deliberately chosen to give knowledge to people- knowledge that otherwise could not be known
-incarnation and trinity from revealed

27
Q

protestants and revealed theology

A

-emphasise need for it- because humans are fallen creatures and needs gods intervention to gain full knowledge of him

28
Q

catholics and revealed theology

A

-believe its required because of huge difference between god and humanity

29
Q

revelation through faith

A

-faith is to believe something that evidence doesnt support- leap someone makes when cant be seen with senses
-faith required for ineffable things like god
-deepens with church, prayer, study

30
Q

catholic church and faith revelation

A
31
Q

calvin and faith

A

-being firm and certain knowledge of gods benevolence to us
-both locate true faith in knowledge of jesus
-

32
Q

true faith

A

-more than knowledge and understanding
-acceptance on emotional level of redemption won by jesus when on earth
-

33
Q

christians and faith

A

-a gift from god
-enabled by gods grace
-his gift of knowledge of himself through the holy spirit

34
Q

grace and revelation

A

-gods action in world defined by grace
-sending jesus to die
-more intimate than reason alone
-holy spirit- gives faith and inspires
-through holy spirit christians fully understand god and his work

35
Q

calvin on grace and the holy spirit

A

-till spirit has become our instructor all we know if folly and ignorance
-faith requires grace of holy spirit and knowledge of god does to

36
Q

catholics on grace and the holy spirit

A

-grace comes from gods initiative at creation and demands humans free response to know and love god
-grace gift of holy spirit and free and undeserved to his children

37
Q

faith is good enough reason to believe in god arguments

A

-engaging with god should be personal and emotional not all academic
-with reason that god ineffable not understood without faith and gods grace
-belief in gods existence relationship personal god and needs more than just theory

38
Q

faith not good enough reason for belief in gods existence arguments

A

-atheists dismiss faith as projection of humans wanting more than meets the eye
-faith without support of reason could leave to beliefs in anything
-why would god create rational beings and gift some not all humans gift of faith

39
Q

brunners development of calvin

A

-starting points of contact, beauty, nature
-points give basic understanding of god and nature of humanity,
-if person wants full knowledge and relation they have to accept jesus and redemption revelation
-natural theology start
-

40
Q

brunner and the fall

A

-one one level we are still fallen on spiritual level
-we still remain pinnacle of gods creation and able to have relation with him
-fall not completely flawed us
-points of contact only glimpses cause of fall
-for complete knowledge one has true faith in jesus

41
Q

barth and the fall

A

-human nature completely destroyed
-no source of knowledge except gods revelation
-all natural theology rejected
-not possible for humans to have relation- all knowledge comes from gods grace
-

42
Q

the fall has completely removed all natural knowledge of god arguments

A

-effects of fall ruined human god relation- bible clear humans must labour alone unless god chooses otherwise
-Cicero- universal consent argument- different int. of gods so doesnt show human reason as good
-if human nature flawed then cant attempt relation with perfect god- not deserving

43
Q

fall has not completely removed all natural knowledge of god

A

-no christian denomination believe natural theology sufficient on its own- other ways of knowledge of god
-catholics downplay focus on fall and say because of difference in natures possible to know of god through reason
-perhaps gods nature never known, not a result of fall but god

44
Q

natural knowledge is the same as revealed knowledge

A

-two different sides of same coin- cannot have natural without revealed
-proving god exists recognising already revealed truth

45
Q

natural knowledge not same as revealed knowledge

A

-in order to do natural theology, you cannot fairly prove god exists using logic if you already believe he exists
-natural knowledge gives different sort of knowledge to revelation, nobody becomes believer from natural alone
-natural knowledge must be different because it is impossible due to fall as points of contact between god and man lost

46
Q

catholic church and jesus revelation

A

-revelation gradual from OT
-completed by christ
-believers duty to understand significance of revelation of christ, reinterpret for own culture or society

47
Q

revelation through Jesus life

A

-incarnation - god meditator so he is human
-life and ministry- jesus teachings of new way of life
-salvation- taking on humanities sins and overcoming death in resurrection

48
Q

calvin and the bible as revelation

A

-scripture required to understand gods work on earth as it is core record of his work
-through scripture we can fully understand other points of contact
-church the body of christ so church result of coming of meditator

49
Q

catholics and scripture revelation

A

-life of church helps christians understand bible and jesus
-church helps believer access gods grace through its ministry- 7 sacrements-signs of heavenly grace and teaching ministry of church leaders
-scripture as breath of holy spirit
-through church scripture is known

50
Q

belief in god is sufficient to put ones trust in him arguments

A

-belief in god requires leap in faith, if one prepared for leap then one must put trust in god
-if points of contact correct, then points of contact should lead to faith because something true about god has been recognised
-all people believe in different ways, some intellectual and some not, does not matter to god, belief in whatever form should lead to commitment

51
Q

belief in god is not sufficient to put ones trust in him

A

-belief in god needs proper context and understanding jesus as meditator as by the church
-belief in god gained solely through natural theology not same as personal relation
-belief in god doesnt make christian life easy, challenges from evil, science which causes doubt in believer

52
Q

aquinas defense of natural theology from OS barth

A

-OS destroyed origninal justice but rationality and inclination towards good not gone
-only post lapsarian human sinners
-we must be rational and reason inclines us to synderesis
-concupiscence sometimes bad influence on everyone
-

53
Q

barth defense of OS and natural theology

A

-OS has corrupted our reasoning about god and morality
-bad in our nature means we cant rely on good
-arrogance of NL evidence humans cant humbly rely solely on faith

54
Q

anthropological and atheism weakness of sensus divinitas

A

-anthropological study- religion of tribal people remote from civilisation believe in magical spirits
-atheism- sense doesnt exist, modern times, good defense of atheism like Hume

55
Q

st pauls romans 1:20

A

since creation of world gods invisible qualities, external power and divine nature, have been seen, so people are without excuse
-gods qualities seen from what he made

56
Q

arguments against romans 1:20

A

-word understood- doesnt imply reasoning rather than merely sensing
-verse seems to suggest understanding gained from creation itself
-reasoned inference from natural world rather than sense of god which isnt from what has been made creation
-

57
Q

barths response against romans 1:20

A

-romans 1:25- exchanged truth about god for lie and commited idoltary
-humans to sinful to manage knowledge of god
-natural theology leeds to idolatry
-

58
Q

pelagius arguing for NT against OS

A

-dont have literal view of OS
-augustine defended on his views on human nature derived from evidence of his observations of himself and society
-pelagius denies OS
-

59
Q

barth criticism of brunner

A

since brunner admits every aspect of humans corrupted
-it cannot produce knowledge of god
-just because reason not totally gone, it being corrupted means cannot be relied on to gain knowledge of god

60
Q
A
61
Q
A

developments in christian thought (12 decks)

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