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NMS Diagnosis (1.2) > Knee Ortho Exams > Flashcards

Knee Ortho Exams Flashcards

1
Q

Swelling and pain will occur immediately following the injury (intra-articular).

A

Ligament Tear

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2
Q

Swelling will occur 12-24 hours post injury. Unable to lock out (joint line)

A

Meniscal Tear

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3
Q

Pt supine with knee extended. Doctor applies S-I pressure on the superior pole of the patella and then asks pt to contract the quads.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Clarke’s Sign aka Patellar Grinding Test
  2. Retropatellar pain or inability to sustain contraction
  3. Chondromalacia patella
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4
Q

Patella is being pulled laterally by the vastus lateralis muscle. Walking downstairs is most provocative. Causes retropatellar DJD.

What is Dx and what are orthos?

A

Chondromalacia Patella aka
Patellofemoral Tracking Disorder aka
Runner’s Knee

Tests: Clark’s, Fouchet’s

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5
Q

Avulsion of the tibial tuberosity in athletes doing repetitive knee extension.

A

Osgood Schlatter’s

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6
Q

Seated pt actively extends the flexed knee with the tibia internally rotated. When 30* is reached the pain increases, and is relieved by externally rotating the tibia.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Wilson’s Test
  2. Pain Decreases
  3. Osteochondritis Dessicans
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7
Q

AVN, knee locks out on extension.

What is Dx and what is ortho?

A

Osteochondritis Dessicans

Test: Wilson’s sign

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8
Q

Prepatellar bursitis after repetitive pressure on the knee

A

Housemaid’s knee

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9
Q

Patellar tendonitis

A

Jumper’s knee

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10
Q

Lateral knee pain caused from shortened TFL. Seen in runners and made worse by walking or running up/down hills or stairs.

A

TFL Syndrome

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11
Q

Pt supine. Dr applies valgus stress to knee while abducting the foot in full extension and at 30 degrees flexion. (+) pain increased

A

Abduction Stress Test aka
Valgus Stress Test
* Medial Collateral Ligament

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12
Q

Pt supine. Dr applies varus stress to knee while adducting the foot in full extension and at 30 degrees flexion. (+) pain or increased laxity

A

Adduction Stress Test aka
Varus Stress Test
* Lateral Collateral Ligament

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13
Q

Pt prone with knee flexed to 90 degrees. Dr anchors the thigh of the pt and grasps proximal to foot & applies upward pressure & rotates leg internally & externally. Heel points to side being tested. (+) pain in knee

A

Apley’s Distraction Test

* Collateral Ligament Tear

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14
Q

Pt is supine. Knee flexed to 90* and hip to 45*.
Doctor stabilizes foot on table. Tibia is then drawn forward.
1. What is the test?
2. What is the (+) sign?
3. What is the indication?

A
  1. Drawer Test
  2. Pain or Joint laxity
  3. Anterior (pulling P-A) = ACL; Posterior (pulling A-P) = PCL
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15
Q

Pt supine. Knee is flexed to 90*. Foot is put in internal/external rotation. Doctor stabilizes the foot and grasps the leg with the thumbs palpating the knee joint. Doctor pulls the tibia applying P-A stress in the knee.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Slocum’s Test
  2. Pain or Joint laxity
  3. ACL and MCL (external) -or- LCL (internal)
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16
Q

Pt supine. Knee is flexed to 30*. Doctor stabilizes the femur with one hand and pulls the tibia forward with other hand.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Lachman’s test
  2. Soft End Feel
  3. ACL Instability
17
Q

Pt supine with knees flexed at 90* and hips flexed to 45*. Doctor compares the prominence of the tibial tuberosities.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Posterior Sag Sign
  2. Tibia drops back (sags) on the femur
  3. PCL tear
18
Q

What three orthos test for collateral ligaments in the knee?

A

Abduction (Valgus)
Adduction (Varus)
Apley’s Distraction

19
Q

What four orthos test for Cruciate Ligaments in the knee?

A

Drawer Test
Slocum’s Test
Lachman’s Test
Posterior Sag Sign

20
Q

Pt supine. Doctor flexes thigh & leg to 90*. Doctor places one hand on the knee; the other grasps the pts heel. Doctor externally rotates the leg, and then slowly extends the knee. Doctor then internally rotates the leg and brings it into extension with a valgus stress to the joint.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. McMurray Sign
  2. Painful click or snap heard
  3. Internal rotation = Lateral meniscus; External rotation = Medial meniscus
21
Q

Pt prone with knee flexed to 90*. Doctor anchors the thigh of the pt & grasps proximal to foot & applies downward pressure & rotates leg internally and externally. Heel points toward the side being tested.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Apley’s Compression Test
  2. Pain in Knee
  3. Meniscal Tear (medial or lateral)
22
Q

Pt is supine with knee flexed completely. Knee is then dropped into extension.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Bounce Home Test
  2. Incomplete extension
  3. Torn Meniscus
23
Q

Pt supine. Doctor displaces the patella medial to lateral.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Apprehension Test (patella)
  2. Patella feels like it will dislocate & pt will contract quads or have look of apprehension.
  3. Chronic Patellar Dislocation
24
Q

Supine pt is asked to raise their extended leg and is unable to do so. Doctor applies pressure to the quad muscle and the pt can lift the leg.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Dreyer’s Test
  2. Pt can only lift leg with pressure at quads
  3. Fractured Patella
25
Q

Pt is supine with leg in 90/90 position. Doctor applies pressure to the lateral femoral condyle while extending the knee.

  1. Test?
  2. Positive?
  3. Indication?
A
  1. Noble Compression Test
  2. Pain over area of pressure
  3. TLF syndrome

NMS Diagnosis (1.2) (20 decks)

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