Joint Conditions Flashcards
Thumb Joint Conditions (“RUM”)?
Radial = Extension Ulnar = Adduction, Froment's (abduct/addict fingers) Median = Flexion, Opposition (Pollicis), Abduction
Wrist Joint Conditions?
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Carpal Tunnel
Ganglion Cyst
Age of Onset: 25-55yo with female/male ratio 3:1
Joints involved: Hand, foot, wrist, knee, elbow, GH, AC, and atlantoaxial/cervical spine.
Features:
- Subcutaneous nodules often extensor surfaces
- Deformities such as Boutonnière, swan-neck, phalangeal deviation, arthritis mutations
- Morning stiffness lasts more than one hour
- Swelling of PIP, MCP, and wrist
- (+) for Rheumatoid Factor
- XRay reveal erosions or periarticular osteopenia or both
- Atlantoaxial instability due to ligament erosion special concern!
Rheumatoid Arthritis
PPW complaint of pain and numbness/tingling in the palmar surface of the thumb and radial two and one-half fingers; symptoms worse at night. Pt typically complains of clumsiness with precision gripping.
(+) Tinel’s, Phalen’s, Compression Test
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
PPW complaint of dorsal wrist pain. Passive dorsiflexion often makes it worse. Pt may have small tender nodule or knot. Hx of repetitive wrist activity occupationally or with sports. Age under 35yo.
MC location Dorsal Scapholunate ligament or metacarpal heads
Ganglionic Cyst
Elbow joint condition that affects the wrist extensors?
Tennis elbow or Lateral epicondylitis
Elbow joint condition that affects the wrist flexors?
Little Leaguer’s Elbow or Medial epicondylitis
Elbow joint condition that affects kids 2-4yo, subluxation of radial head, pulled elbow?
Nursemaid’s elbow
Elbow joint condition that allows supination and pronation?
Radial head
Elbow joint condition with Intra-articulate effusion
- Child = supracondylar
- Adult = radial head
Posterior Fat Pad
Elbow joint condition with Sail Sign?
Anterior fat pad
Hip joint condition that alters biomechanics during bicycling or running (lateral knee); (+) Obers test
TFL syndrome
Hip joint condition that causes hip to ‘click’ when bicycling or doing stairs.
Trochanteric Bursitis
“Runners Knee”; repetitive microtrauma; micro-tears
Chondromalacia Patellae
“Jumpers Knee”; repetitive microtrauma; harsh impact
Patellar tendinitis
Knee ‘Clicks’ when twisted; heel points to side you are testing
Meniscus injuries
Medial knee bursa (Sartorius, Gracilis, semi-Tendinosis)
Pes anserine
First muscle to atrophy with knee joint condition?
Quadriceps (Vastus Medialis)
Knee joint condition that occurs with twisting injury; most dangerous because connected to vessels causing swelling
ACL
Posterior knee pain
Popliteal aneurysm and Bakers Cyst (RA)
Infrapatellar fat pad
Hoffa sign
No ROM in shoulder
Adhesive Capsulitis
Pinpoint pain in shoulder
Bursitis
Pain in Supraspinatus of shoulder
Tendinitis
Fx of humeral head
Hill Sach’s
Torn gleno-labrum in shoulder?
Bankart
4 muscles of Rotator Cuff
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Rotator cuff muscle with 15-30 degrees Abduction
Supraspinatus
Rotator cuff muscle(s) responsible for External Rotation
Infraspinatus and Teres Minor
Rotator cuff muscle responsible for internal rotation
Subscapularis (lesser tubercle)
What’s not part of Deltoid ligament?
Any answer with Fibula in it
Inversion ankle sprain affects what ligament?
Anterior Talofibular ligament
Pain in calves, tenderness, mild swelling; Considered Minor Compartment Syndrome
Shin Splints
Effects both upper and lower extremities; swollen, shiny calf, paresthesia, weakness
Emergency: fasciotomy
Compartment Syndrome aka Neurovascular Entrapment
Burning Pain in Foot
Causalgia
3 types of burning pain in foot (causalgia)
- Morton’s Neuroma (dorsum, squeeze)
- Tarsal Tunnel (heel - toe)
- Vitamin B5 deficiency (panethenic acid)
3 types of non-burning pain in foot?
- Fasciitis
- Metatarsalgia
- Osteoarthritis (OA)
S-I Joint Conditions: Unilateral or Bilateral?
- AS?
- RA?
- OA?
- OCI?
RA and OA are Unilateral
AS and OCI are Bilateral
Inflamed pubic symphysis caused by sit-ups, pregnancy, or pelvic subluxations
Osteitis Pubis
