Knee Joint Flashcards
2 joints w in the knee cavity
location of:
1. tibiofemoral joint
2. patellofemoral joint
largest syn joint
1. tibiofemoral joint:
- bw tib and fem condyles
2. patellofemoral joint:
- bw patellar surf of femur + artic surf of patella
2 joints w in the knee cavity
Patellofemoral joint
Classification
- mutliaxial
- synovial
- plane
2 joints w in the knee cavity
Patellofemoral joint
Movements
- longitudinal gliding (incr’s mech adv)
2 joints w in the knee cavity
Tibiofemoral joint
Classification
- synoival
- condyloid
- biaxial
2 joints w in the knee cavity
Tibiofemoral joint
movements
- flexion 140º
- extension 0-5º
- int rotation 10-20º (if flexed)
- ext rot 30-40º(if flexed)
Knee Joint
Articular Surfaces of Tibiofemoral joint
1. femur (male surface)
med + lat femoral condyles:
- convex (m)
- med condyle = larger -> INCR med movement
Knee Joint
Articular Surfaces of Tibiofemoral joint
2. Tibia (female surface)
med + lat tibial condyles:
- relatively flat (seperated by intercondylar area)
- med condyle = larger/oval -> incr med movement
Knee joint
Articular Surfaces of Patellofemoral joint
1. femur
structure:
- larger lateral part
Knee joint
Articular Surfaces of Patellofemoral joint
2. patella
location and 3 function
location:
- facets on post
function:
- INCR mech adv of quads
- protect patellar tend/lig
- distribute compressive force of fem condyle
Knee Joint
Knee Joint capsule
Function/Attaches
function:
- attach to artic margins (fem condyles)
- attach to med + lat margins (tib condyles)
Knee Joint
Knee Joint Caspule
Structure
structure:
- anterior deficit (replaced by quad tendon + pat lig)
- posterior: popliteus tendon
Knee Joint
Synovial membrane
structure + function
structure:
- lines joint capsule except ACL + PCL
function:
- comm w some bursa
Articular Structures - Patellar Retincula
structure and function
structure:
- thickened band of deep fascia
function:
- stabilises patella + tendons around knee
Articular Structures - Patellar Retincula
2 types of patellar retinaculum
thickened band of deep fascia
Medial Patellar Retinaculum:
O: Vastus medialis / posterium of tibia
Function: prevents lateral patellar dislocation
Lateral Patellar Retinaculum:
O: ITB
Function: patellar stability
Knee Joint
Bursae
4 types
- suprapatella (sup)
- pes anserine (med tibia)
- infrapatella
- prepatella
Knee Joint
Extracapsular Ligaments
2 types
- lateral collateral
- popliteofibular
Extracapsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
Lateral collateral
attaches, limits, prevents
attaches:
- lat fem epicondyle
- lat fib head
limits:
- ext, lat rot
prevents:
- abd
Extracapsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
Popilteofibular
Capsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
5 types
- medial collateral
- oblique popliteal
- acruate popliteal
- patellar / retincular
- anterolateral
Capsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
Medial collateral
structure, limits, prevents
structure:
- femur from tibia
limits:
- lat rot
prev:
- hyperext
Capsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
Oblique Popliteal
structure, limits, prevents
structure:
- sup crosses popliteal
- posterior
limits:
- lat rot of tib
prevents:
- hyperext
Capsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
Patellar / Retincular
structure, attaches, function
**structure: **
- contin of quad tendon
**attaches: **
- pat to tib tuberoisty
function:
- knee ext mech adv
Capsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
Anterolateral
attaches, function
attaches:
- lat fem condyle
- bw gerdys tub + fib head
function:
- stabiliser for med rotation of tibia
Capsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
Arcuate Popiteal ligament
structure, limitations, prevents
structure:
- post, super crosses popiteal
limitations:
- lat rot of tibia
prevents:
- hyperextension
Intracaspular/Extra-synovial ligaments of the knee joint
3 types
- anterior cruciate
- posterior cruciate
- posterior mensicofemoral
Intracaspular/Extra-synovial ligaments of the knee joint
Anterior cruciate ligament
structure, attaches, limits
structure:
- extra-syn / always taut
attaches:
- A intercodylar of tib
- P/m surf of L fem cond
limits:
- ant sliding of tib
- med rotation of tib
Intracaspular/Extra-synovial ligaments of the knee joint
Posterior cruciate ligament
structure, attaches, limits
structure:
- extra-syn
attaches:
- post intercondyle area of femur
- lat meniscus
- lat surf of med femur condyle
limits:
- post slide of tib
- med rot of tib
Patellofemoral component
Medial patellofemoral ligament
structure, function
attach:
- supramed patella -> bw adduct tub + med fem condyle
function:
- prevents lat displacem of pat
Patellofemoral component
Intra-articular structures
Medial and Lateral mensici
structure:
- fibrocart wedges
function:
- shock absorpt, INCR congurence
