Origin & Insertions - Lower Limbs Flashcards by grace manserra

Gluteus Maximus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Post gluteal surface + line of ilium
- Post iliac crest
- Post sacrum
- Sacrotuberous ligament
Distal:
- ITB
- gluteal tuberosity
Action:
- hip ext
- hip lat rot
Nerve:
- inf gluteal nerve (L4,L5, S1)

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Gluteus Medius + Minimus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Gluteal surface bw the post + ant gluteal lines
Distal:
- GT
Action:
- hip abd
- med rot
Nerve:
- sup gluteal nerve (L4, L5, (S1))

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Tensor Fascia Lata

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- A iliac crest + adj gluteal surface
- ASIS
Distal:
- L tib condyle via ITB (Gerdy’s tubercle)
Action:
- hip flex
- hip abd
- hip med rot
**Nerve: **
sup gluteal nerve (L4,L5)

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Piriformis

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- A aspect of 2nd->4th sacral segments
- Sacrotuberous ligmanent
Distal:
- M GT
Action:
- lat hip rot
Nerve:
- OBT (L5,S1,S2)

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Superior Gemellus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Gluteal surface of the ischial spine
Distal:
- M GT via obt int tendon
Action:
- lat rot
Nerve:
- OBT (L5,S1,S2)

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Obturator Internus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Int surface of the obturator membrane + adjacent bone
Distal:
- M GT
Action:
- lat rot
Nerve:
- OBT (L5,S1,S2)

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Inferior Gemellus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Upper ischial tuberosity
Distal:
- M GT via obt int tendon
Action:
- lat rot
Nerve:
- OBT (L4,L5,S1)

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Quadratus Femoris

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Ischial tuberosity
Distal:
- quadrate tubercle
Action:
- lat rot
Nerve:
- OBT (L4,L5,S1)

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Obturator Externus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Outer surface of the obturator membrane + adjacent bone
Distal:
- trochanteric fossa
Action:
- lat rot
Nerve:
- OBT (L4,L5,S1)

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Gracilis

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip + knee
Nerve

Adductors

Proximal:
- A pubic body
- Inf pubic ramus
Distal:
- Upper, M tibia shaft
Action:
- hip add
- knee flex
Nerve:
- OBT (L2,L3)

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Pectineus

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip and knee
Nerve

Adductors

Proximal:
- Sup pubic ramus
Distal:
- pectineal line
Action:
- hip add
- knee flex
Nerve:
- OBT (L2,L3)

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Adductor Magnus

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip and hamstring part
Nerve

Adductors

Proximal:
- Ischiopubic ramus -> inf ischial tuberosity
Distal:
- distal 1/3 linea aspera
- adductor tubercle
Action:
- hip add
- hip ext (hamstring part)
Nerve:
- OBT + tibial (sciatic) L2,L3,L4

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Adductor Longus

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip
Nerve

Adductors

Proximal:
- A pubic body
Distal:
- middle 1/3 linea aspera
Action:
- hip add
Nerve:
- OBT nerve (L2,L3,L4)

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Adductor Brevis

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip
Nerve

Adductors

Proximal:
- Anterolat pubic body
- Inf pubic ramus
Distal:
- prox 1/3 linea aspera
Action:
- hip add
Nerve:
OBT (L2,L3,L4)

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Sartorius

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip and knee
Nerve

Anterior Compartment

Proximal:
- ASIS
Distal:
- MCL
- upper tibia shaft
Action:
- hip flex
- hip add
- knee flex
- knee med rot
Nerve:
- femoral (L2,L3)

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Rectus Femoris

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip and knee
Nerve

Quadriceps

Proximal:
- AIIS
Distal:
- tib tuberosity via PL
Action:
- hip flexion
- knee ext
Nerve:
- femoral (L2,L3,L4)

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Vastus Lateralis

Proximal and Distal
Action - knee
Nerve

Quadriceps

Proximal:
- Upper L intertrochanteric line
- Lower GT
- L gluteal tuberosity
- Upper L linea aspera
Distal:
- tib tuberosity via pat lig
Action:
- knee ext
Nerve:
- femoral (L2,L3,L4)

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Vastus Medialis

Proximal and Distal
Action - knee
Nerve

Quadriceps

Prox:
- Lower M intertrochanteric line
- M femoral shaft
- M linea aspera
- Upper M supracondylar line
Distal:
- tib tuberoisty via patella lig
Action:
- knee ext
Nerve:
- femoral (L2,L3,L4)

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Vastus Intermedius (beneath rec fem)

Proximal and Distal
Action - knee
Nerve

Quadriceps

Proximal:
- Prox A + L surfaces of femur
Distal:
- tib tub via patella lig
Action:
- knee ext
Nerve:
- femoral (L2,L3,L4)

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Bicep Femoris (thigh)

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip and knee
Nerve

Posterior Compartment (Hamstrings)

Proximal:
LH:
- M ischial tuberosity + ST lig
SH:
- Lower L linea aspera
- Upper L supracondylar line
Distal:
- fibula head
Action:
- LH: hip ext
- SH: knee flex
Nerve:
- LH: tibial (sciatic)
- SH: fibular (sciatic)
- L5, S1, S2

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Semitendinosus

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip and knee
Nerve

Posterior Compartment (Hamstrings)

Proximal:
- M ischial tuberosity
Distal:
- Upper M tibia
Action:
- hip ext
- knee flex
Nerve:
- tibial (sciatic) L5, S1, S2

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Semimembranosus

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip and knee
Nerve

Posterior Compartment (Hamstrings)

Proximal:
- L ischial tuberoisty
Distal:
- M tibial condyle
Action:
- hip ext
- knee flex
Nerve:
- tibial (sciatic) L5,S1,S2

Psoas Major

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip
Nerve

Iliopsoas

Proximal:
- Transverse processes of L1 -> L5
Distal:
- LT
Action:
- hip flex
Nerve:
- lumbar (L2,L3)

Iliacus

Proximal and Distal
Action - hip
Nerve

Iliopsoas

Proximal:
- iliac fossa
Distal:
- LT
Action:
- hip flexion
Nerve:
- lumbar (L1, L2, L3, L4)

Tibilias Anterior

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Anterior, L fibula
- adj interosseous membrane
Distal:
- Base MT1
- Plantar surf M cuneiform
Action:

Nerve:

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- A fibula
- adj interosseus membrane
Distal:
- Dorsal surf of dist phalanx (B digit1)
- Action:

Nerve:

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- A fibula
- ajd interosseous membrane
- L tib condyle
Distal:
- Base of phalanges 2-5 via dorsal digital expansion (extensor aponeurosis/hood)
Action:

Nerve:

Peroneus Tertius

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- A dist fibula
- adj interosseous membrane
Distal:
- Dorsal surface at B5th MT
Action:

Nerve:

Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- L prox fibula
Distal:
- M cuneiform
- B 1st MT
Action:

Nerve:

Peroneus Brevis

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- L distal fibula
Distal:
- Base of MT 5 tuberosity
Action:

Nerve:

Gastrocnemius

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Posterior M + L fem condyles
- Knee joint capsule
Distal:
- Posterior calc via tendocalcaneus
Action:

Nerve:

Soleus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Soleal line + post tibia
- Post upper surf of fibula
Distal:
- Posterior calc via tendocalcaneus
Action:

Nerve:

Plantaris

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- L supracondylar ridge of femur
- Knee joint capsule
Distal:
- post calcaneus
Action:

Nerve:

Popliteus (back of knee)

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- L femoral condyle
- L meniscus
Distal:
- post tibia above soleal line
Action:

Nerve:

Tibialis Posterior

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- post tibia below soleal line
- prox 2/3s fibula
- adj interosseous membrane
Distal:
- navicular tuberucle
- Tendinous connect to all tarsal bones (X talus) + bases of middle 3 metatarsals.
Action:

Nerve:

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Prox 1/2 of med tibia below soleal line
Distal:
- Plantar surface of the distal phalanx base of digits 2-5
Action:

Nerve:

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Lower 2/3’s of post fibula
Distal:
- Plantar surface of the distal phalanx base of digit 1
Action:

Nerve:

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Upper surface of the calcaneus
Distal:
- Dorsal digit expansion digits 2-4
Action:

Nerve:

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Upper surface of the calcaneus
Distal:
- Dorsal digital expansion digit 1
Action:

Nerve:

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Med tubercle of the calcaneus
Distal:
- Plantar surface of the base of the middle phalanx of digits 2–5
Action:

Nerve:

Abductor Hallucis

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Medial tubercle of the calcaneus
Distal:
- Medial aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of digit 1 (with Flexor Hallucis Brevis)
Action:

Nerve:

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- M + L calcaneal tubercles
Distal:
- Lat aspect base of proximal phalanx digit 5
Action:

Nerve:

Flexor Accessorius (quadratus plantae)

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- M + L calcaneal tubercles
Distal:
- Tendon of the FDL
Action:

Nerve:

Lumbricals

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- adj sides of the FDL tendon
Distal:
- Base of the proximal phalanx via the dorsal digital expansion of digits 2–5
Action:

Nerve:

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Plantar surface of the cuboid + adjacent lat cuneiform
Distal:
- Med + lat aspects at the base of prox phalanx of digit 1
Action:

Nerve:

Adductor Hallucis

Proximal and Distal
Action
Nerve

Proximal:
- Oblique head from the base of metatarsals 2,3,4
- Transverse head from plantar surface of MTP joints 3,4,5
Distal:
- Lat aspect at the base of prox phalanx of digit 1 (w FHB)
Action:

Nerve: