Knee Final (10%) Flashcards
What is the largest synovial joint in the body?
knee
Which joint is responsible for weight-bearing in the knee
Tibiofemoral
In an open kinetic chain movement of the knee, which bone moves?
Tibia
In a closed kinetic chain movement of the knee, which bone moves?
femur
What happens to the patella during knee flexion?
Moves inferiorly
What type of bone is the patella?
Sesamoid bone
What is the primary purpose of the patella?
To enhance the leverage of the quadriceps muscle
What type of cartilage covers the femoral and tibial condyles?
Hyaline cartilage
Which meniscus is more mobile?
LCL
The medial meniscus is attached to which ligament?
MCL
Which ligament resists anterior translation of the tibia?
ACL
Which ligament prevents hyperflexion?
PCL
Which ligament resists valgus forces?
MCL
What do the arcuate and oblique popliteal ligaments prevent?
Hyperextension
What type of ligaments are the ACL and PCL?
Intracapsular
Which muscle originates at the AIIS?
Rectus Femoris
Where do the vastus muscles insert?
Patella & Tibial tuberosity
What is the function of the articularis genu muscle?
Pull the joint capsule/patella proximally
Which muscle inserts on the medial condyle of the tibia?
Semimembranosus
Which muscle is responsible for unlocking the knee?
Popliteus
Where does the biceps femoris short head originate?
Linea aspera
Which muscle flexes the knee and also adducts the hip?
Gracilis
What motion locks the knee?
Medial rotation of the femur on the tibia
Which ligament tightens during the screw home mechanism?
ACL
Which muscle unlocks the knee?
Popliteus
Which group of vessels in the anterior thigh forms an anastomosis?
Descending branches from the femoral, popliteal, and lateral circumflex femoral arteries
Group of vessels on anterior thigh?
anastomosis
What does the LCL (Lateral Collateral Ligament) resist?
Varus forces
What mechanism locks the knee to reduce muscle effort while standing?
Screw-home mechanism
What is the function of the fat pads around the knee joint?
Provide protection and reduce friction
Patella femoral allows pull of quad to be directed ___ over knee
anteriorly
knee movement occurs around the ___ plane
Sagittal
what type of cartilage is the meniscus made of?
Fibrocartilage
_______ = extension of semimemb tendon
Oblique popliteal
Arcuate + oblique = (extracapsular or intracapsular)
extracapsular
