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Ortho > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Knee AROM flexion

A

130-150

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2
Q

Knee AROM extension

A

0 to -5

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3
Q

Knee AROM IR (w/ knee flexed to 90)

A

20-30

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4
Q

Knee AROM ER (w/ knee flexed to 90)

A

30-40

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5
Q

Patella/Chondromalacia patellae tests

A 
ballottement (A-P)
bounce home
bulge
medial/lateral apprehension test
modified clark's (hold pat, contract quad)
Nobel
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6
Q

Plica tests

A

active stutter

Houston’s plica test

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7
Q

Meniscus tests

A

McMurray’s
Apley’s compression
Apley’s distraction
Thessaly

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8
Q

Ligament stress tests

A

valgus/varus stress
Lachman’s
anterior/post drawer

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9
Q

When to x-ray ankle/foot

A

If bony pain in malleolar or midfoot area, or any one of:

  • bone tenderness along distal 6 cm of posterior edge of tibia/fibula or tip of malleoli
  • bone tenderness at base of fifth metatarsal (for foot injuries)
  • bone tenderness at navicular bone
  • inability to bear weight both immediately and in ER for four steps

Certain groups are excluded: under age 18, pregnant women, those w/ diminished ability to follow the test

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10
Q

Knee joint type

A

Synovial
Modified hinge: tibiofemoral
Gliding: patellofemoral

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11
Q

Knee flexion muscles

A

semitendinosus
semimembranosus
biceps femoris
(hamstrings)

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12
Q

Knee extension muscles

A 
vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
rectus femoris 
(quadriceps)
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13
Q

Knee IR muscles (tibia)

A

popliteus w/ pes anserine muscles (knee flexed)

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14
Q

Knee ER muscles (tibia)

A

biceps femoris

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15
Q

Knee normal end feel

A

f: soft tissue or bony approximation
E: elastic/firm
SLR: elastic

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16
Q

Knee abnormal end feel

A

boggy –> joint effusion, ligamentous pathology

springy block –> loose body (displaced meniscus)

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17
Q

Genu valgum

A

Q angle >22 women, > 18 men

“knocked knees”

18
Q

Genu varum

A

Q angle < 0

“bow legs”

19
Q

Semitendinosus

A 
O: ischial tuberosity
I: med condyle of tibia and med surface inf to condyle
A: knee - flex leg and med rotation
A: hip - extend thigh
Inn: tibial division of sciatic
20
Q

Semimembranosus

A 
O: ischial tuberosity
I: med condyle of tibia
A: knee - flex leg and med rotation
A: hip - extend thigh
Inn: tibial division of sciatic
21
Q

Hamstrings

A

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris

22
Q

Quadriceps

A

Vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedius

Rectus femoris

23
Q

Popliteus

A

O: lat condyle of femur and lat meniscus
I: post surface tibia, prox part
A: weak flexor of knee unlocks knee
Inn: tibial

24
Q

Pes anserine muscles

A

semitendinosus
sartorius
gracilis

25
Q

Anterior leg muscles

A

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
peroneus tertius

26
Q

Lateral leg muscles

A

peroneus longus

peroneus brevis

27
Q

Posterior leg muscles

A 
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
popliteus
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
tibialis posterior
28
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

O: lat condyle and lat surface of tibia
I: med cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
A: dorsiflex and invert foot
Inn: deep peroneal

29
Q

Innervation of anterior leg muscles

A

deep peroneal

30
Q

Innervation of lateral leg muscles

A

superficial peroneal

31
Q

Innervation of posterior leg muscles

A

tibial

32
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

O: lat condyle and lat surface of tibia, interosseous membrane
I: middle and dist phalanges digits 2-5
A: extend digits 2-5, dorsiflex foot
Inn: deep peroneal

33
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

O: ant surface fibula and interosseous membrane
I: distal phalanx 1st digit
A: extend 1st digit, dorsiflex foot
Inn: deep peroneal

34
Q

Peroneus tertius

A

O: ant surface fibula and interosseous membrane
I: 5th metatarsal
A: dorsiflex and evert foot
Inn: deep peroneal

35
Q

Peroneus longus

A

O: head and sup 1/2 fibula
I: base 1st metatarsal and med cuneiform
A: evert and plantar flex foot, help support arch
Inn: superficial peroneal

36
Q

Peroneus brevis

A

O: inf 1/2 fibula
I: base 5th metatarsal
A: evert and plantar flex foot
Inn: superficial peroneal

37
Q

Gastrocnemius

A 
O: lat head - lat condyle of femur
O: med head - med condyle of femur
I: calcaneous bone via achilles tendon
A: plantar flex foot, flex knee
Inn: tibial
38
Q

Soleus

A

O: post surface fibula and tibia
I: calcaneous bone via achilles tendon
A: plantar flex foot
Inn: tibial

39
Q

Plantaris

A

O: lat condyle of femur
I: calcaneous bone via its own tendon
A: weakly assists gastroc to plantar flex foot and flex knee
Inn: tibial

40
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

O: post surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
I: base dist phalanx 1st digit
A: flex 1st digit, plantar flex foot, helps support long. arch of foot
Inn: tibial

41
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

O: post surface tibia and via aponeurosis of fibula
I: base dist phalanx digits 2-5
A: flex digits 2-5, plantar flex foot, help support long. arch of foot
Inn: tibial

42
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

O: post surfaces tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane
I: navicular, cuneiform, and cuboid bones, bases of metatarsals 2-4
A: plantar flex foot, invert foot
Inn: tibial

Ortho (13 decks)

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