General Flashcards
ROM in strain
strain = muscle
PROM: mild/no pain
AROM: pain
Isometric: pain
ROM in sprain
sprain = ligaments
PROM: pain
AROM: pain
Isometric: no pain
Isometric exercise
recruiting and causing tension on muscles without actually shortening or lengthening them
Eccentric exercise
contractions in which a muscle lengthen, i.e. lowering a weight from a biceps curl back to resting position
Concentric exercise
contractions in which a muscle shortens
ROM for muscle injury (strain or tendinopathy)
AROM: decreased, painful
PROM: WNL, pain at end ROM
RROM: pain
dull ache, sharp pain when challenged
pain w/ palpation of damaged tissue
stretching or contraction of muscles causes pain/wkness
unidirectional pain with motion in muscle fiber direction
ROM for fascial strain (adhesion or scarring)
AROM: decreased, painful
PROM: decreased, painful
RROM: WNL, painless
may have palpatory subcutaneous adhesions, limited ROM or non-dermatomal pain and posture changes
ROM for ligament injury (sprain)
AROM: decreased, painful
PROM: decreased, painful
RROM: WNL, painless
pain with palpation of ligament
stretching of ligament, especially w/ overpressure, causes pain
instability due to full ligament rupture may show an empty end feel, increased PROM or repeatable ‘clunk’ w/ motion
ROM for capsulitis
AROM: decreased, painful
PROM: decreased, painful
RROM: WNL, painless
pain w/ direct capsule palpation or multidirectional pain w/ motion - pain in a single direction indicates muscle or tendon damage
ROM for joint injury (arthropathy)
AROM: decreased, painful
PROM: decreased, painful
RROM: WNL, painless
early may have no loss of ROM or pain
Scour tests may show crepitus
AROM may show repeatable snapping and popping
ROM for joint dysfunction (subluxation)
AROM: WNL or limited in specific ROM
PROM: limited in specific ROM
RROM: WNL or weak
pain or point tenderness
asymmetry/misalignment
ROM abnormality - joint feels “stuck”
myofascial tone changes
ROM for bone injury (fracture)
AROM: decreased, painful
PROM: decreased, painful
RROM: decreased, painful
hx of trauma - perform fracture screen
pin point tenderness, dull ache but very sharp when challenged
ROM for nerve injury
AROM: decreased or WNL
PROM: WNL
RROM: weak
numbness, tingling, muscle weakness and shooting electrical pain reproduced w/ stretch or compression of nerve
Effect of visceral injury on ROM
writhing pain is secondary to internal organ capsule distension or vascular compromise, deep achy, cramping pain that may be sharp at times, often poorly localized and may be immobilizing in more severe cases - pain is often NOT changed by change in body position
What type of injury will have pain with RROM?
muscle injury (strain or tendinopathy) bone injury (fracture)
