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Ortho > Ankle & Foot > Flashcards

Ankle & Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Foot AROM plantar flexion

A

40 (talocrural/tibiotalar)

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2
Q

Foot AROM dorsiflexion

A

20 (talocrural/tibiotalar)

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3
Q

Foot AROM inversion

A

20 (subtalar and midtarsal)

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4
Q

Foot AROM eversion

A

10 (subtalar and midtarsal)

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5
Q

Instability/Ligament stress tests

A

anterior drawer (plantar flexed and neutral)
inversion talar tilt (plantar flexed and neutral)
eversion talar tilt, subtalar glide test
rotational stress

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6
Q

Stress fracture tests

A

calcaneal squeeze test

Morton’s squeeze test

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7
Q

Achilles tendinopathy/rupture tests

A

Achilles squeeze test

Thompson’s test

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8
Q

Plantar fascitis tests

A

calcaneal squeeze

Passive dorsiflexion of toes

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9
Q

Nerve compression tests

A

Tinel’s test

Morton’s foot squeeze

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10
Q

Metatarsophalangeal AROM flexion

A

75

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11
Q

Metatarsophalangeal AROM extension

A

35

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12
Q

Interphalangeal AROM flexion

A

60

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13
Q

Interphalangeal AROM extension

A

20

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14
Q

Normal joint end feels

A 
Talocrural: firm ligamentous
Subtalar: firm ligamentous
TMT: elastic, firm
MTP extension: elastic, ligamentous
All others: firm/ligamentous/elastic
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15
Q

Plantar flexion muscles

A

soleus
gastrocnemius
Assisted by: tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus

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16
Q

Dorsiflexion muscles

A

tibialis anterior

Assisted by: extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallicus longus

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17
Q

Foot inversion muscles

A

tibialis anterior

tibialis posterior

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18
Q

Foot eversion muscles

A

fibularis longus, brevis and tertius

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19
Q

First toe flexion muscles

A

flexor hallicus longus and brevis

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20
Q

Toes 2-5 flexion muscles

A

flexor digitorum longus and brevis

lumbricals

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21
Q

First toe extension muscles

A

extensor hallicus longus and brevis

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22
Q

Toes 2-5 extension muscles

A

extensor digitorum longus and brevis

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23
Q

Toe abduction muscles

A

dorsal interossei

24
Q

Toe adduction muscles

A

palmar interossei

25
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) longus

A

O: head and superior 1/2 fibula
I: base 1st metatarsal and med cuneiform
A: evert & plantar flex foot, support arch
Inn: superficial peroneal (branch of common peroneal)

26
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

O: lat condyle & lat surface of tibia
I: med cuneiform & base of 1st MT
A: dorsiflex & invert foot
Inn: deep peroneal (branch of common peroneal)

27
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

O: lat condyle & lat surface of tibia, interosseus membrane
I: middle and dist phalanges 2-5
A: extend digits 2-5, dorsiflex foot
Inn: deep peroneal (branch of common peroneal)

28
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

A

O: ant surface fibula & interosseous membrane
I: 5th MT
A: dorsiflex & evert foot
Inn: deep peroneal (branch of common peroneal)

29
Q

Gastrocnemius

A 
O: lat head: lat condyle of femur
O: med head: med condyle of femur
I: calcaneous bone via achilles tendon
A: plantar flex foot, flex knee
Inn: tibial
30
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis)

A

O: inferior 1/2 fibula
I: base 5th MT
A: evert and plantar flex foot
Inn: superficial peroneal (branch of common peroneal)

31
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

O: ant surface fibula and interosseous membrane
I: distal phalanx 1st digit
A: extend 1st digit, dorsiflex foot
Inn: deep peroneal (branch of common peroneal)

32
Q

Plantaris

A

O: lat condyle of femur
I: calcaneous bone via its own tendon
A: weakly assists gastroc to plantar flex foot and flex knee
Inn: tibial

33
Q

Popliteus

A

O: lat condyle of femur and lat meniscus
I: post surface tibia, prox part
A: weak flexor of knee, unlocks knee
Inn: tibial

34
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

O: post surfaces tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane
I: navicular, cuneiform & cuboid bones, bases of MT 2-4
A: plantar flex foot, invert foot
Inn: tibial

35
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

O: post surface fibula and interosseous membrane
I: base dist. phalanx 1st digit
A: flex 1st digit, plantar flex foot, helps support long. arch of foot
Inn: tibial

36
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

O: post surface tibia and via aponeurosis of the fibula
I: base dist phalanx digits 2-5
A: flex digits 2-5, plantar flex foot, help support long. arch of foot
Inn: tibial

37
Q

Dorsal interossei

A

O: adj sides MT 1-5
I: 1st med side prox phalanx of 2nd digit
I: 2-4th lat side prox phalanx digits 2-4
A: abducts digits 2-4 and flex MTP joints
Inn: lateral plantar

38
Q

Plantar interossei

A

O: med sides MT 3-5
I: med sides bases of prox phalanges digits 3-5
A: adduct 3-5, flex MTP of 3-5
Inn: lateral plantar

39
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

A

O: calcaneus
I: tendons of extensor digitorum longus serving digits 2-4
A: assist extensor digitorum longus to extend toes
Inn: deep fibular

40
Q

Soleus

A

O: post surface fibula and tibula
I: calcaneous bone via achilles tendon
A: plantar flex foot
Inn: tibial

41
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

O: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa
I: both sides middle phalanges digits 2-5
A: flex digits 2-5
Inn: medial plantar

42
Q

Lumbricals

A

O: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
I: med base prox phalange digits 2-5 and ext expansions of same
A: flex prox and extend middle and dist phalanges of digits 2-5
Inn: 1st: medial plantar
Inn: 2-4 lateral plantar

43
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A

O: distal part of superior and lateral surface of calcaneus, lateral talocalcaneal ligamet and apex of inferior extensor retinaculum
I: dorsal surface of base of prox phalanx of 1st toe
Inn: deep peroneal/fibular

44
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

O: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa
I: lat side base of prox phalanx 5th digit
A: abduct and flex 5th digit
Inn: lateral plantar

45
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

O: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum
I: med side base of prox phalanx of 1st digit
A: abduct and flex 1st digit
Inn: medial plantar

46
Q

Quadratus plantae

A

O: calcaneus
I: tendon of flexor digitorum longus
A: assist flexor digitorum longus in flexing digits 2-5
Inn: lateral plantar

47
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

O: base 5th metatarsal
I: base prox phalanx 5th digit
A: flex prox phalanx of 5th digit
Inn: lateral plantar

48
Q

Adductor hallucis

A 
O: transverse head: plantar l. of MTP joints
O: oblique head: base of MT 2-4
I: lat side base prox phalanx 1st digit
A: adduct 1st digit
Inn: lateral plantar
49
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A

O: cuboid and lateral cuneiform
I: both sides base of prox phalanx of 1st digit
A: flex prox phalanx of 1st digit
Inn: medial plantar

50
Q

Muscles of dorsal foot

A

extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum brevis

51
Q

Muscles of plantar foot

A

abductor digiti minimi, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis
quadratus plantae, lumbricals
flexor digiti minimi brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis
dorsal interosseous, plantar interosseous

52
Q

What muscles insert on medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal

A 
peroneus longus (lateral leg, superficial peroneal nerve)
tibialis anterior (anterior leg, deep peroneal nerve)
53
Q

Deep peroneal nerve

A

extensor digitorum brevis

extensor hallucis brevis

54
Q

Lateral plantar nerve

A 
abductor digiti minimi
adductor hallucis
flexor digiti minimi
quadratus plantae
plantar interossei (PAD - plantar adducts)
dorsal interossei (DAB - dorsal abducts)
55
Q

Medial plantar nerve

A

flexor hallucis brevis
abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis

Ortho (13 decks)

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