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Ortho > Ankle & Foot > Flashcards

Ankle & Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Foot AROM plantar flexion

A

40 (talocrural/tibiotalar)

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2
Q

Foot AROM dorsiflexion

A

20 (talocrural/tibiotalar)

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3
Q

Foot AROM inversion

A

20 (subtalar and midtarsal)

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4
Q

Foot AROM eversion

A

10 (subtalar and midtarsal)

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5
Q

Instability/Ligament stress tests

A

anterior drawer (plantar flexed and neutral)
inversion talar tilt (plantar flexed and neutral)
eversion talar tilt, subtalar glide test
rotational stress

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6
Q

Stress fracture tests

A

calcaneal squeeze test

Morton’s squeeze test

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7
Q

Achilles tendinopathy/rupture tests

A

Achilles squeeze test

Thompson’s test

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8
Q

Plantar fascitis tests

A

calcaneal squeeze

Passive dorsiflexion of toes

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9
Q

Nerve compression tests

A

Tinel’s test

Morton’s foot squeeze

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10
Q

Metatarsophalangeal AROM flexion

A

75

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11
Q

Metatarsophalangeal AROM extension

A

35

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12
Q

Interphalangeal AROM flexion

A

60

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13
Q

Interphalangeal AROM extension

A

20

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14
Q

Normal joint end feels

A 
Talocrural: firm ligamentous
Subtalar: firm ligamentous
TMT: elastic, firm
MTP extension: elastic, ligamentous
All others: firm/ligamentous/elastic
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15
Q

Plantar flexion muscles

A

soleus
gastrocnemius
Assisted by: tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus

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16
Q

Dorsiflexion muscles

A

tibialis anterior

Assisted by: extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallicus longus

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17
Q

Foot inversion muscles

A

tibialis anterior

tibialis posterior

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18
Q

Foot eversion muscles

A

fibularis longus, brevis and tertius

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19
Q

First toe flexion muscles

A

flexor hallicus longus and brevis

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20
Q

Toes 2-5 flexion muscles

A

flexor digitorum longus and brevis

lumbricals

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21
Q

First toe extension muscles

A

extensor hallicus longus and brevis

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22
Q

Toes 2-5 extension muscles

A

extensor digitorum longus and brevis

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23
Q

Toe abduction muscles

A

dorsal interossei

24
Q

Toe adduction muscles

A

palmar interossei

25
Fibularis (peroneus) longus
O: head and superior 1/2 fibula I: base 1st metatarsal and med cuneiform A: evert & plantar flex foot, support arch Inn: superficial peroneal (branch of common peroneal)
26
Tibialis anterior
O: lat condyle & lat surface of tibia I: med cuneiform & base of 1st MT A: dorsiflex & invert foot Inn: deep peroneal (branch of common peroneal)
27
Extensor digitorum longus
O: lat condyle & lat surface of tibia, interosseus membrane I: middle and dist phalanges 2-5 A: extend digits 2-5, dorsiflex foot Inn: deep peroneal (branch of common peroneal)
28
Fibularis (peroneus) tertius
O: ant surface fibula & interosseous membrane I: 5th MT A: dorsiflex & evert foot Inn: deep peroneal (branch of common peroneal)
29
Gastrocnemius
``` O: lat head: lat condyle of femur O: med head: med condyle of femur I: calcaneous bone via achilles tendon A: plantar flex foot, flex knee Inn: tibial ```
30
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis)
O: inferior 1/2 fibula I: base 5th MT A: evert and plantar flex foot Inn: superficial peroneal (branch of common peroneal)
31
Extensor hallucis longus
O: ant surface fibula and interosseous membrane I: distal phalanx 1st digit A: extend 1st digit, dorsiflex foot Inn: deep peroneal (branch of common peroneal)
32
Plantaris
O: lat condyle of femur I: calcaneous bone via its own tendon A: weakly assists gastroc to plantar flex foot and flex knee Inn: tibial
33
Popliteus
O: lat condyle of femur and lat meniscus I: post surface tibia, prox part A: weak flexor of knee, unlocks knee Inn: tibial
34
Tibialis posterior
O: post surfaces tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane I: navicular, cuneiform & cuboid bones, bases of MT 2-4 A: plantar flex foot, invert foot Inn: tibial
35
Flexor hallucis longus
O: post surface fibula and interosseous membrane I: base dist. phalanx 1st digit A: flex 1st digit, plantar flex foot, helps support long. arch of foot Inn: tibial
36
Flexor digitorum longus
O: post surface tibia and via aponeurosis of the fibula I: base dist phalanx digits 2-5 A: flex digits 2-5, plantar flex foot, help support long. arch of foot Inn: tibial
37
Dorsal interossei
O: adj sides MT 1-5 I: 1st med side prox phalanx of 2nd digit I: 2-4th lat side prox phalanx digits 2-4 A: abducts digits 2-4 and flex MTP joints Inn: lateral plantar
38
Plantar interossei
O: med sides MT 3-5 I: med sides bases of prox phalanges digits 3-5 A: adduct 3-5, flex MTP of 3-5 Inn: lateral plantar
39
Extensor digitorum brevis
O: calcaneus I: tendons of extensor digitorum longus serving digits 2-4 A: assist extensor digitorum longus to extend toes Inn: deep fibular
40
Soleus
O: post surface fibula and tibula I: calcaneous bone via achilles tendon A: plantar flex foot Inn: tibial
41
Flexor digitorum brevis
O: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa I: both sides middle phalanges digits 2-5 A: flex digits 2-5 Inn: medial plantar
42
Lumbricals
O: tendons of flexor digitorum longus I: med base prox phalange digits 2-5 and ext expansions of same A: flex prox and extend middle and dist phalanges of digits 2-5 Inn: 1st: medial plantar Inn: 2-4 lateral plantar
43
Extensor hallucis brevis
O: distal part of superior and lateral surface of calcaneus, lateral talocalcaneal ligamet and apex of inferior extensor retinaculum I: dorsal surface of base of prox phalanx of 1st toe Inn: deep peroneal/fibular
44
Abductor digiti minimi
O: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa I: lat side base of prox phalanx 5th digit A: abduct and flex 5th digit Inn: lateral plantar
45
Abductor hallucis
O: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum I: med side base of prox phalanx of 1st digit A: abduct and flex 1st digit Inn: medial plantar
46
Quadratus plantae
O: calcaneus I: tendon of flexor digitorum longus A: assist flexor digitorum longus in flexing digits 2-5 Inn: lateral plantar
47
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
O: base 5th metatarsal I: base prox phalanx 5th digit A: flex prox phalanx of 5th digit Inn: lateral plantar
48
Adductor hallucis
``` O: transverse head: plantar l. of MTP joints O: oblique head: base of MT 2-4 I: lat side base prox phalanx 1st digit A: adduct 1st digit Inn: lateral plantar ```
49
Flexor hallucis brevis
O: cuboid and lateral cuneiform I: both sides base of prox phalanx of 1st digit A: flex prox phalanx of 1st digit Inn: medial plantar
50
Muscles of dorsal foot
extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum brevis
51
Muscles of plantar foot
abductor digiti minimi, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis quadratus plantae, lumbricals flexor digiti minimi brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis dorsal interosseous, plantar interosseous
52
What muscles insert on medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal
``` peroneus longus (lateral leg, superficial peroneal nerve) tibialis anterior (anterior leg, deep peroneal nerve) ```
53
Deep peroneal nerve
extensor digitorum brevis | extensor hallucis brevis
54
Lateral plantar nerve
``` abductor digiti minimi adductor hallucis flexor digiti minimi quadratus plantae plantar interossei (PAD - plantar adducts) dorsal interossei (DAB - dorsal abducts) ```
55
Medial plantar nerve
flexor hallucis brevis abductor hallucis flexor digitorum brevis

Ortho (13 decks)

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