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SHF 203 - ORTHOPAEDIC TESTS > KNEE > Flashcards

KNEE Flashcards

1
Q

CLARKS

A

Pt supine
Push patella inferiorly
Pin in position
Ask pt to contract quads slowly

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2
Q

CLARKS - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Chondromalacia patella
Degenerative patella femoral joint

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3
Q

CLARKS - POSITIVE TEST

A

Retropatella pain (Pain on posterior surface of patella)

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4
Q

BALLOTTMENTS/SWEEP

A

Pt supine
Pillow under knee
Milk knee/quads
Keeping pressure on femur, tap patella

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5
Q

BALLOTTMENTS - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Internal derangement
Ligament sprain/strain or rupture
Vascular damage

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6
Q

BALLOTTMENTS - POSITIVE TEST

A

Increases bulge over patella
Rapid bounce back
Spongy feel
‘Floating” patella

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7
Q

APLEY’S COMPRESSION

A

Pt prone
Leg to 90
Dorsiflex foot and compress
Apply pressure into internal rotation (lateral meniscus)
Repeat while applying external rotation (medial meniscus)

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8
Q

APLEY’S COMPRESSION - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Meniscal damage
External rotation = medial meniscus
Internal rotation = lateral meniscus

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9
Q

APLEY’S COMPRESSION - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain on compression and external rotation = medial meniscus tear
Pain on compression and internal rotation = lateral meniscus tear
Locking of knee

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10
Q

APLEY’S DISTRACTION

A

Pt prone
Leg up to 90
Examiner place their knee on pt hamstring
Distract by holding around pt ankle and lifting leg
Internally and externally rotate foot

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11
Q

APLEY’S DISTRACTION - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Capsule/ligament lesion
Colateral lateral ligament sprain

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12
Q

APLEY’S DISTRACTION - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain on distraction (ligament lesion/colateral lateral ligament sprain)
Decrease pain (suggests meniscal lesion)

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13
Q

MCMURRAY

A

Pt supine
Knee fully flexed
One hand holding underneath pt foot
Other hand palpating knee joint line
Slowly extend the knee applying an internal rotation and varus force
Repeat again applying an external rotation and valgus force

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14
Q

MCMURRAY - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Meniscal lesion
Tibial internal rotation - Lateral meniscus
Tibial external rotation - Medial meniscus

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15
Q

MCMURRAY - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Crepitus
Locking
Clicking
Grinding

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16
Q

EGE’S (MEDIAL MENISCUS)

A

Pt standing
Laterally rotate each tibia maximally (feet turned out)
Pt squat

17
Q

EGE’S (LATERAL MENISCUS)

A

Pt standing
Medially rotate each tibia maximally (feet turned in)
Pt squat
Difficult even for healthy pt

18
Q

EGE’S - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Meniscal lesion
Tibial internal rotation - Lateral meniscus
Tibial external rotation - Medial meniscus

19
Q

EGE’S - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Crepitus
Early flexion pain - anterior tears
Deep flexion pain - posterior horn tears

20
Q

THESSALY’S

A

Pt standing
Use examiners hands for balance
Pt stand on one leg with knee flexed 5
Examiner walks round so pt trunk is following the examiner
Repeat with pt knee flexed 20

21
Q

THESSALY’S - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Meniscal lesion

22
Q

THESSALY’S - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Buckling of knee
Catching
Clicking
Medial/lateral joint line discomfort

23
Q

ANTERIOR DRAW

A

Pt supine
Pt knee flexed
Examiner holds around top of tibia and fibula
Examiner pulls leg towards them
(same as accessory movement)

24
Q

ANTERIOR DRAW - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Anterior cruciate ligament sprain/rupture

25
Q

ANTERIOR DRAW - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Excessive movement (rupture)

26
Q

POSTERIOR DRAW

A

Pt supine
Pt knee flexed
Examiner holds around top of tibia and fibula
Examiner pushes leg away from them
(same as accessory movement)

27
Q

POSTERIOR DRAW - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Posterior cruciate ligament sprain/rupture

28
Q

POSTERIOR DRAW - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Excessive movement (rupture)

29
Q

LACHMAN

A

Pt supine
Examiner place knee under pt leg to flex leg 15-30
Anterior - Stabilise femur, pull tibia anteriorly
Posterior - Stabilise femur, push tibia posteriorly

30
Q

LACHMAN - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Anterior - ACL injury
Posterior - PCL injury
Considered gold standard

31
Q

LACHMAN - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Excessive movement (rupture)
Mushy/soft end feel
Disappearance of infra patella slope

32
Q

PATELLA DECOMPRESSION

A

Pt supine
Leg straight
Pick up patella and move it

33
Q

NOBLE COMPRESSION TEST

A

Pt supine
Flex knee to 90
Apply pressure with thumb to lateral femoral condyle
With thumb pressure maintained extend knee passively

34
Q

NOBLE COMPRESSION TEST - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain over lateral femoral condyle

35
Q

NOBLE COMPRESSION TEST - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

ITB syndrome

36
Q

STUTTER TEST

A

Pt seated on the edge of the couch
Both knees bent to 90
Place one finger over the patella
Pt extends knee slowly

37
Q

STUTTER TEST - POSITIVE TEST

A

Patella stutters or jumps between 60-45 degrees of flexion

38
Q

STUTTER TEST - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Plica syndrome

SHF 203 - ORTHOPAEDIC TESTS (11 decks)

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