ANKLE/FOOT Flashcards
SIMMONDS
Pt prone
Feet off couch
Examiner squeezes pt calves
SIMMONDS - WHAT DOES IT TEST?
Achilles tear/rupture
SIMMONDS - POSITIVE TEST
No plantar flexion of the foot
TALAR TILT - INVERSION
Pt seated or supine
Place pillow under pt knee
Examiners hands on medial and lateral malleoli
Invert foot with dorsiflexion = ATFL
Invert foot in neutral = CFL
Invert foot with plantar flexion = PTFL
TALAR TILT - INVERSION - WHAT DOES IT TEST?
Lateral ligament sprain (ATFL, PTFL, CFL)
TALAR TILT - INVERSION - POSITIVE TEST
Pain
Increased ROM
TALAR TILT - EVERSION
Pt seated or supine
Place pillow under knee
Hand placement on lateral and medial malleoli
Evert foot
TALAR TILT - EVERSION - WHAT DOES IT TEST?
Medial ligament sprain (deltoid ligament)
TALAR TILT - EVERSION - POSITIVE TEST
Pain
Increased ROM
ANTERIOR DRAW
Pt supine
Bend pt leg with their foot on couch
Fix off on the top of their foot
Support round the back of their achilles
Push backwards
ANTERIOR DRAW - WHAT DOES IT TEST?
ATFL ligament instability
ANTERIOR DRAW - POSITIVE TEST
Increased anterior motion of the foot
POSTERIOR DRAW
Pt supine
Bend pt leg with their foot on couch
Fix off on the top of their foot
Support round the back of their achilles
Pull forwards
POSTERIOR DRAW - WHAT DOES IT TEST?
Posterior ankle ligament instability
POSTERIOR DRAW - POSITIVE TEST
Increased posterior movement of the foot
TINSEL’S SIGN
Pt supine
Hip of symptomatic side externally rotated and foot slightly everted
Tap over tarsal tunnel (just under medial malleolus)
TINSEL’S SIGN - WHAT DOES IT TEST?
Tarsel tunnel syndrome
TINSEL’S SIGN - POSITIVE TEST
Radiating pain in foot and toes due to aggravation of the tibial nerve
HOMAN’S SIGN
Pt supine with leg straight
Raise leg 10
Forcefully dorsiflex foot and squeeze calf with other hand
HOMAN’S SIGN - WHAT DOES IT TEST?
Thrombosis
HOMAN’S SIGN - POSITIVE TEST
Pain deep in calf
MORTON’S NEUROMA TEST
Pt supine
Examiner squeezes the medial and lateral parts of the foot
Other hand is palpating the tender area
MORTON’S NEUROMA - WHAT DOES IT TEST?
Mortons neuroma
MORTON’S NEUROMA - POSITIVE TEST
Aggravation of the pain
Click/pop of neuroma
Paraesthesia into toes
