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General Biology II > Kingdom Protista > Flashcards

Kingdom Protista Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an example from the Phylum Rhizopoda?

A

AMOEBA

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2
Q

What are the five parts of the Amoeba proteus?

A

A pseudopodia

Ectoplasm

Endoplasm

Contractile Vacuole

Food Vacuole

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3
Q

What is the “ectoplasm” in amoebas?

A

The outer, clear cytoplasm

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4
Q

What is the “endoplasm” in amoebas?

A

The inner, granular cytoplasm

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5
Q

What does the contractile vacuole’s function in amoebas?

A

It pumps out the excess water from the cytoplasm

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6
Q

How do amoeba reproduce?

A

By asexual reproduction only

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7
Q

What is the pseudopodia used for in an amoeba?

A

For movement and feeding

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8
Q

What are the representative amoebas for the phylum Rhizopoda?

A

Entamoeba histolytica

Difflugia

Arcella

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9
Q

What effect does the amoeba “Entamoebba histolytica” have on humans?

A

It may cause amebic dysentery in humans

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10
Q

What is a characteristic of the amoeba Difflugia?

A

It has a test

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11
Q

What is a “test” in terms of Biology?

A

A shell

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12
Q

What are some characteristics of the amoeba “Arcella”?

A

It has a test and it decays in aquatic plant matter.

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13
Q

What is the organism that represents the phylum Foraminefra?

A

Foraminefrans

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14
Q

What is the test of a Foraminefran composed of?

A

A shell of a foraminefran is composed of calcium carbonate, sediment, or silica

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15
Q

Where can foraminefrans be found?

A

In plankton

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16
Q

__________________ are multlocular, unilocular

A

FORAMINEFRANS

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17
Q

Where are the two places discussed in the note taker that you can actually see foraminefrans?

A

WHITE CLIFFS OF DOVER

DURING OIL EXPLORATIONS

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18
Q

What are plankton?

A

Aquatic protists that form the base of a food chain

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19
Q

What are some characteristics of the phylum Zoomastigima?

A

Animal-like flagellates (zooflagellates)

Heterotrophic

Free-living or symbiotic

Move by long, whip-like flagella

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20
Q

What are the representative Zoomastiginans?

A

Trichonympha

Tripanasoma

Giardia

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21
Q

Where is the Zoomastiginan “Trichonympha” found?

A

In termites

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22
Q

Where is the Zoomastiginan “Tripanasoma found?

A

In the tsetse fly

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23
Q

What does “Tripanasoma” cause?

A

African Sleeping Sickness

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24
Q

What does the Zoomastiginan “Giardia” cause?

A

Backpackers’ diarrhea

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25
Q

What are the two kinds of heterotrophs?

A

Saprozoic and Holozoic

26
Q

How does a saprozoic heterotroph acquire its nutrients?

A

It absorbs its nutrients

27
Q

How does a holozoic heterotroph acquire its nutrients?

A

It ingests its nutrients

28
Q

What are the characteristics of the phylum Ciliophora?

A

Move by cilia

Have a pellicle

Have trichocysts

Have an oral groove

Have two types of nuclei

They reproduce by means of fission and conjugation

29
Q

What are cilia?

A

They are hair-like structures for movement

30
Q

What is “pellicle” on a paramecium?

A

It’s the flexible outer covering

31
Q

What are trichocysts?

A

Discharge filaments for trapping prey

32
Q

What is the oral groove’s function?

A

For the intake of food

33
Q

What are the two types of nuclei?

A

MICROnuclei

MACROnuclei

34
Q

What is the micronuclei used for?

A

The micronuclei is used for reproduction

35
Q

What is the macronuclei used for?

A

The macronuclei are used for cell metabolism and growt

36
Q

How do organisms from the phyla “Ciliophora” reproduce?

A

They reproduce by fission and conjugation

37
Q

What do organisms from the phyla “Ciliophora” use for movement?

A

CILIA

38
Q

What are some characteristics of organisms from the phyla “Apicomplexa”?

A

They have no locomotive structures

The only way that they can move or transmit is through “vectors”

They are totally parasitic

They often live in two hosts during their life cycle

39
Q

What are vectors?

A

Carriers used to transmit

40
Q

What is the representative from the phylum “Apicomplexa” discussed in the note taker?

A

Plasmodium

41
Q

What does plasmodium cause?

A

Malaria

42
Q

What are some characteristics of organisms from the phylum “Dinoflagellata” ?

A

They are mostly unicellular and some colonial

Their shells are made of cellulose plates

They have two flagella

They have “sulcus” and “girdle” grooves

They usually are photosynthetic

Some are bioluminescent

Red Tides and blooms

43
Q

What do “Red Tides” do as a result from the phylum “Dinoflagellata” ?

A

Red Tides produce a nerve toxin which kills fish. It can also contaminate shellfish and kill humans.

44
Q

What are “Blooms” in respect to the phylum Dinoflagellata?

A

Blooms are population explosions

45
Q

What are some characteristics from organisms from the phylum “Bacilliariophyta” ?

A

Their common name is “Diatoms”

They have 2 shells

Their shells are composed of silica (glass)

They have radial, bilateral symmetry

They are found in freshwater

They are mined for use in insulating, sound proofing, and scouring material

46
Q

What are some characteristics of organisms from the phylum “Euglenophyta”?

A

They have 1 OR 2 flagella

They reproduce by means of “Lonitudinal Binary Fission”

They can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic

They have an “eyespot” (stigmata)

Positive phototaxis

47
Q

What are some characteristics of organisms from the phylum “Chlorophyta”?

A

They share many common characteristics with land plants

They appear in many forms such as single celled, colonial, multinucleated, and filamentous.

They are aquatic, terrestrial, symbionts (lichens)

48
Q

“Green Algae” is associated with what phylum?

A

CHLOROPHYTA

49
Q

What are the representative Green Algae?

A

ULVA

SPIROGYRA

VOLVOX

50
Q

What are the six parts of the Euglena?

A

STIGMATA

PILLI

CHLOROPLASTS

PARAMYLON BODY

FUNCTIONAL FLAGELLA

NON FUNCTIONAL FLAGELLA

51
Q

What are some characteristics of organisms from the phylum “Rhodophyta” ?

A

RED ALGAE PIGMENTS

MOST ARE MARINE AND MULTICELLULAR

THEY ARE USED AS AGAR AND CARRAGEENAN

NO VASCULAR TISSUE

FUCOANTHIN

52
Q

What is agar?

A

A food thickener

53
Q

What is carrageenan?

A

A food additive used to stabilize food, paints, or make-up

54
Q

What are some characteristics of organisms from the phylum “Phaeophyta”?

A

THEY ARE THE LARGEST ALGAE

THEY ARE THE SEAWEEDS AND KELPS

55
Q

What is the representative for the phylum “Phaeophyta”?

A

LAMINARIA

SARGASSUM

56
Q

What are the four parts of the “Laminaria”?

A

BLADE

AIR BLADDER

STIPE

HOLDFAST

57
Q

What is the “blade” on a Laminaria?

A

The “leaflike” structure

58
Q

What is the “stipe” on a Laminaria?

A

The “stalk” of an algae

59
Q

What is the “holdfast” on a Laminaria?

A

The structure that anchors the algae to the substrate

60
Q

What is “Fucoxanthin” ?

A

Yellow brown pigments

61
Q

Describe “air bladders”?

A

“Flotation devices’ that allow the blades to float

General Biology II (15 decks)

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