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General Biology II > Gymnosperms > Flashcards

Gymnosperms Flashcards

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1
Q

Seeds are ___________ to spores

A

REPRODUCTIVELY SUPERIOR

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2
Q

What are is the primary means of r4eproduction and dispersal of Gymnosperms and angiosperms?

A

SEEDS

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3
Q

_________________ is further advanced in seeds

A

EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT

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4
Q

Seeds contain an abundant __________ supply

A

FOOD

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5
Q

Each seed has a protective _____________

A

SEED COAT

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6
Q

What are gymnosperms?

A

Gymnosperms are vascular plants with seeds

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7
Q

Gymnosperms are totally ___________ or on _______ (naked)

A

EXPOSED

CONES

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8
Q

Gymnosperms produce wind-borne ________________

A

POLLEN GRAINS

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9
Q

What are the four phyla of gymnosperms?

A

Pinophyta

Ginkophyta

Cycadophyta

Gnetophyta

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10
Q

Which phyla has the largest seed plants?

A

Phylum Pinophyta

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11
Q

What are five examples of organisms from the phylum Pionophyta? (pshfc)

A

PINES

SPRUCES

HEMLOCKS

FIRS

CEDARS

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12
Q

What is a the common name for organisms from the phylum pinophyta?

A

CONIFERS

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13
Q

Conifers have leaves in the form of __________, some scales

A

NEEDLES

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14
Q

Conifers distribute pollen by ___________, not water

A

WIND

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15
Q

Where are seeds located in conifers?

A

CONES

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16
Q

What is the conifer’s dominant generation?

A

SPOROPHYTE

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17
Q

Are conifers diecious or monoecious?

A

MONOECIOUS

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18
Q

What does the term monoecious mean?

A

It means that separate male and female reproductive parts in different place s on the same tree. (in strobili called cones)

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19
Q

Most conifers are ____________, a few are deciduous

A

EVERGREEN

20
Q

What are conducting cells called in conifers?

A

TRACHEIDS

21
Q

What are microspores?

A

Extremely small MALE gametophytes

22
Q

What are megaspores?

A

Extremely small FEMALE gametophytes

23
Q

Most organisms from the phylum ___________ are extinct and only a few left

A

PHYLUM CYCADOPHYTA

24
Q

Organisms from the phylum Cycadophyta look like ___________ or __________________ and are tropical or subtropical

A

PALMS

FERNS

25
Q

Are organisms from the phylum Cycadophyta monecious or dioecious?

A

DIOECIOUS

26
Q

What does the term diocious mean?

A

Dioecious means that there are seed cones on separate female and male plants

27
Q

How do organisms from the phylum Cycadophyta reproduce?

A

They reproduce with pollen and seeds in cone like structures

28
Q

What are the three “genera” of organisms from the phylum Gnetophyta?

A

Welwitschia

Ephedra

Gnetum

29
Q

What phylum contains the most advanced gymnosperms?

A

PHYLUM GNETOPHTYA

30
Q

What makes organisms from the phylum Gnetophyta unique among gymnosperms?

A

They share traits with angiosperms

31
Q

In what two ways are organisms from the phylum Gnetophyta comparable to angiosperms?

A

They have conducting cells called vessel elements like angiosperms

The have cone clusters that resemble flower clusters

32
Q

What is the organisms from the phyla Gnetophyta that has tropical vines, shrubs, and trees,

A

Gnetum

33
Q

What is the organism from the phyla Gnetophyta that has a broad leaf like an angiosperm?

A

Gnetum

34
Q

What is the organism from the phyla Gnetophyta that has “Naked seeds”

A

Gnetum

35
Q

What is the organism from the phyla Gnetophyta that exists as shrubs and vines in dry temperate and tropical areas?

A

Ephedra

36
Q

What is the organism from the phyla Gnetophyta that has pollen cones that looks like flowers?

A

EPHEDRA

37
Q

What is the organism from the phyla Gnetophyta that has pollen cones that resembles equisetum with small leaves and jointed stem?

A

Ephedra

38
Q

What is the organism from the phyla Gnetophyta that is the source of ephedrine which raises heart rate and blood pressure?

A

Ephedra

39
Q

___________ IS THE ORGANISM FROM THE PHYLUM gNETOPHYTA THAT IS A SINGLE SPECIES THAT EXISTS IN THE DESERT OF SOUTHWEST AFRICA

A

welwitschia

40
Q

What does welwitschia survive on?

A

FOG

41
Q

What is the organism that has a long tap root and two 2-meter long leaves?

A

WELWITSCHIA

42
Q

Organisms from the phylum _______________ may be the oldest living seed plant

A

GINKGOPHYTA

43
Q

Are organisms from the phylum ginkgophyta dioecious or monoecious?

A

DIOECIOUS

44
Q

What does the term dioecious mean?

A

There are separate male and female plants

45
Q

What is the sole member of the phylum Ginkgophyta?

A

Gingko biloba

46
Q

Where does the female ginkgo produce seeds?

A

DIRECTLY ON BRANCHES

47
Q

What is the theory behind gingko supplements?

A

That is may enhance neurological functioning by increasing blood flow to the brain

General Biology II (15 decks)

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