Biology II: Lab Final Flashcards
_________________ is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features
MORPHOLOGY
A ____________________ is any disease producing agent especially a virus, bacterium or other microorganism
PATHOGEN
A __________________________ is any organism that lives on dead organic matter, as certain fungi and bacteria
SAPROPHYTE
The ______________________ is the bacteria that is found in or on our bodies on a semi-permanent basis without causing disease
NORMAL FLORA
______________ is a rod shaped bacteria
BACILLUS
___________________ is a spherical shaped bacteria
COCCUS
Spirillum is a type of what kind of bacteria?
SPIRAL BACTERIA
An __________________ is an extremely durable enclosure around the genetic material which withstands high heat, dry conditions, freezing temps, etc..
ENDOSPORE
A ____________________________ is a dissociated macroscopic aggregation of a single species of bacteria growing on a solid nutrient media
COLONY
______________ need oxygen to metabolize
OBLIGATE AEROBES
________________ can live with or without oxygen
FACULTATIVE ANAEROBES
______________ cannot metabolize in the presence of oxygen
OBLIGATE ANAEROBES
______________ is a differential stain that divides bacteria into two groups according to the composition of their cell wall
GRAM STAIN
What is the genus and species name of botulism?
Clostridium botulinium
What is th genus and species name of tetanus?
Clostridium tetani
What is the genus and species name for leprosy?
Mycobacterium leprae
What is the genus and species name for tuberculosis?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis `
What is the genus and species name for gonorrhea?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
What is the genus and species name for the rocky mountain spotted fever?
Rickettsia rickettsi
What is the genus species name for typhoid fever?
Salmonella enterica
What is the genus and species name for pneumococcal pneumonia?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What is the genus and species name for strept throat?
Streptococcus pyogenes
What is the genus and species name for scarlet fever?
Streptococcus pyogenes
What is the genus and species name for syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
What is the common name for spirogyra?
pond scum
What is the common name for ulva?
sea lettuce
What is the common name for sargassum?
gulfweed
What is the common name for laminaria?
blade kelp
What is the common name for Dasya?
chenille weed
What is the common name for fucus?
Rock weed
What is a difflugia shell composed of?
Minute sand grains
What is the shell of an arcella composed of?
chitin
What are the reactants in the process of photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide
Water
Light Energy
Chlorophyll
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose
Oxygen
Water
What gas is produced in photosynthesis?
Oxygen
What is the indicator used in the photosynthesis lab?
Phenol Red
What acid is produced when you exhale into water?
Carbonic Acid
What color is phenol red in a basic solution?
RED
What color is phenol red in an acidic solution?
Yellow
What type of organ is a flower?
The flower is a sex organ
Are most plants bisexual? what does that mean?
They have both male and female parts?
What is a stigma?
A female reproductive organ
What is an anther?
A male reproductive organ
What happens if the hammer orchid flowers late?
The orchid doesn’t get pollinated
How do most trees and grasses distribute pollen?
By the wind
What are the little “go betweens” which help pollinate other plants?
The insects
How do plants “pay” for the insects’ services?
With pollen, nectar, or wax
What are some of the ways plants defend themselves against thieves?
Ants, water traps, etc..
What is the difference between day one and day two in the life of the African Water Lily?
The first day the Water Lily is deadly to insects, while the second day is beneficial to insects
What organisms besides insects can transfer pollen?
Bats
Pigmy opossum
Birds
Mice
Australian Honey opossum
Humming birds
Fish
How does the Artic Rose attract insects?
The flower reflects sunlight and offers the insects food and warmth
What do bees get from the Bucket Orchid \?
A wax that stimulates females bees
Amoeba like protistans belong to which phylum?
Phylum Rhizopoda
Foraminefrans belong to which phylum?
Phylum foraminefra
Animal like flagellates are associated with which phylum?
Phylum Zoomastigina
Paramecium and other ciliated protistans are associated with which phylum?
Phylum Ciliophora
Parasitic, spore forming protistans are associated with which phylum?
Phylum Apicomplexa
Dinoflagellates belong to which phylum?
Phylum Dinoflagellata
Plant-like flagellates belong to which phylum?
Phylum Euglenophyta
Green Algae belong to which phylum?
Phylum Chlorophyta
Diatoms belong to which phylum?
Phylum Bacilliariophyta
Brown Algae belongs to which phylum?
Phylum Phaeophyta
Red Algae belongs to which phylum?
Phylum Rhodophyta
What are the tests of foraminefrans composed of?
Calcium Carbonate
What are the tests of diatoms composed of?
Glass
What is the shell of arcella composed of?
Chitin
What is the test of difflugia composed of?
MInute sand grains
Mosses belong to which phylum?
Phylum Bryophyta
Liverworts belong to which phylum?
Phylum Hepatophyta
Hornworts belong to which phylum?
Phylum Anthocerophyta
Wisk ferns belong to which phylum?
Phylum Psilotophyta
Club mosses belong to which phylum?
Phylum Lycophyta
Horsetails belong to which phylum?
Phylum Sphenophyta
Ferns belong to which phylum?
Phylum Pterophyta
Mnium, Sphgnum are associated with what phylum?
Phylum Bryophyta
Marchantia is an example of a what? What phylum does it belong to?
LIVERWORTS
PHYLUM HEPATOPHYTA
What is the genus name for wisk ferns?
Psilotum
Lycopodium, Selaginella is the genus name for what, and to what phylum does it belong?
CLUB MOSSES
LYCOPHYTA
What is the genus name for horsetails?
EQUISETUM
_____________ is the phylum of animals which includes the sponges that literally means “pore bearing”
Porifera
___________________ are sponges having spicules composed of calcium carbonate
CALCAREOUS SPONGES
__________________ is the simplest structure of a sponge having no folding of the body wall
ASCON
What is the term used for pores in the body wall opening into the spongocoel of a sponge?
INCURRENT PORE
_______________ is the interior body cavity of a sponge
SPONGOCOEL
__________________ is a large opening at the top of a sponge through which water passes out
OSCULUM
_______________ are the skeletal units of the sponge
SPICULES
_______________ is a fibrous protein related to keratin and collagen that composes some sponge skeletons
SPONGIN
__________________ is one of several tiypes of cells in the mesohyl capable of movement
AMOEBOID CELLS
What are the flagellated cells that line the atrium of the sponge?
CHANOCYTES
___________________ is the term used for a more complex structure of sponge than the asconoid in which the body wall is folded
SYCON
____________________ is the term used for the most complex structure of sponge where a second folding has taken place
LEUCON
_____________________ are groups or aggregates of cells produced by budding that may be released as a means of asexual reproduction
GEMMULES
____________________ is a term that is used for an organism possessing functional male and female reproductive organs on the same individual
HERMAPHRODITIC
___________________ is the free swimming larva of certain sponges with flagellated cells at one end and large non flagellated cells at the other
AMPHIBLASTULA
WHAT IS THE TYPE OF SYMMETRY IN WHICH A NUMBER OF SIMILAR PARTS RADIATE FROM OR ARE UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED ABOUT OF CENTRAL AXIS?
Radial symmetry
_______________ is the central digestive cavity of cnidarians
GASTROVASCULAR CAVITY
__________________ is the jellylike substance lying between the epidermis and gastrodermis of the cnidarian
MESOGLEA
What is the sessile form of a cnidarian?
POLYP
What is the free swimming usually bell shaped form of a cnidarian?
MEDUSA
What is the free swimming usually bell shaped form of a cnidarian?
MEDUSA
________________ is the class of Cnidaria which includes the hydra, obelia, and portugese man o war
HYDROZOA
What is the class of cnidaria that includes the jellyfish?
SEYPHOZOA
What is the class of cnidaria that includes the sea anemone and some corals
ANTHOZOA
_________________ is a conical elevation bearing the mouth in hydrozoans
HYPOSTOME
_________________ are cells in a cnidarian which bears a nematocyst
CNIDOCYTES
__________________ are the stinging cells of cnidarians consisting of an oval or spherical capsule containing a coiled tube or thread capable of being exerted or discharged
NEMATOCYST
_________________ is the thin transparent, chitinous layer surrounding the ceonosarc in various colonial hydrozoans
THE PERISARC
________________ is the hollow soft tissue in the stem of a colonial hydrozoan or coral which unites the individuals of a colony
THE CENOSARC
_____________ is a term meaning existing in more than one form
POLYMORPHISM
_________________ is a term meaning “existing in two forms among the individuals in a colony”
DIMORPHIC
What is the nutritive polyp of a colonial cnidarian?
GASTROZOID
What is the upper surface ofthe hydroid medusa?
EXUMBRELLA
What is the lower surface of a hydroid medusa?
SUBUMBRELLA
______________ is the shelf like structure that projects inwardly from the bell of a hydroid medusa
VELUM
________________ is the tube like extension that hangs down from teh center of the subumbrella
MANUBRIUM
The __________________ are the ciliated free swmming larva of certain cnidarians, especially hydrozoans, and some ctenophores
PLANULA LARVA
The __________________ are the ciliated free swmming larva of certain cnidarians, especially hydrozoans, and some ctenophores
PLANULA LARVA
Parasitic worms belong to what two phylums?
PLATYHELMINTHS
NEMATODA
Parasitic worms belong to what two phylums?
PLATYHELMINTHS
NEMATODA
Common name of Taenia saginata
BEEF TAPEWORM
Common name of Taenia solium
PORK TAPEWORM
Common name of Diphyllobothrium latum
FISH TAPEWORM
Common name of:
Echinococcus granulosus
Diplyidium canium
DOG TAPEWORM
Common name of Taenia pisformis
DOG AND CAT TAPEWORM
______________ is a supporting mechanism consisting of water pressure against the body wall
HYDROSTATIC SKELETON
_______________ is the phylum of psudocoelomate animals which includes elongated, cylindrical, unsegmented worms, commonly called roundworms
NEMATODA
________________ is the circular muscle tissues of some invertebrates
RING MUSCLES
________________ is a slender threadlike nematode worm
FILARID
___________________ is a pathological enlargement of parts of the body resulting form blockage of lymph vesels, as that caused by a nematode worm
ELEPHANTIASIS
Bacteria cells are _____________
PROKARYOTIC
What is the cell wall of a plant cell composed of?
Cellulose
What do roots, stems and leaves have to have in order to be considered “TRUE”?
They must have vascular tissue
What type of body symmetry do ?Cnidarians display?
Radial symmetry
What are the two body forms of Cnidarians?
Polyps and Medusa
What is the type of asexual reproduction displayed in Hydra called?
Budding
Name the two things that mainly contribute to parasitic diseases
Human carelessness and a lack of personal hygiend and sanitation measures
Which Phylum contains the “flat worms”?
Phylum Platyhelminthes
What si the head of a tapeworm?
Scolex
HOw many nematodes are said to be present in the top six inches of a plowed one acre field?
Billions nigga
In a mollusk, what structure secretes the shell?
The mantle
What term is used to describe the tiny, chitinous bristles used for locomotion in Phylum Nematoda?
Setae
Name the portion of the exoskeleton that covers the cehpalothorax
CARAPARE
What is the term used to name the “claws” of a crayfish?
Chilipeds
What strucute in an echinoderm allows water to enter the water vascular system?
Madreporite
What are the “arms” of a starfish called?
Tube feet
To what phylum do frogs belong?
Class amphibia
HOw many toes are found on the front foot of a frog?
Anterior 4 toes
Name the two types of teeth that frogs have
Vomerine teeth
Maxillary teeth
HOw many lobe are found in the liver of a frog?
Three
